NO. 2 (1920) OUTRIGGER CANOES OF INDONESIA 87 



both ends, with a stern platform, the rudiment of a poop (Fig. 46). 

 This superstructure is here seen for the first time, although it is 

 usual in an even more developed form in Macassar praus without 

 outrigger. It is carried out several feet beyond the stern post 

 and projects well over the quarters. The sides are low, formed of 

 narrow planks, four to six inches deep. A crutch sometimes 

 supported by an arc-shaped rail, is usually fitted at the centre of the 

 aft end, to take the long sprit when not in use. This elevated 

 stern platform gives the tindal or the pilot a clear outlook forward, 

 and from it he can readily transmit his orders to the steersman 

 below who manipulates the quarter rudder. The aft platform 

 is sometimes provided with a temporary mat roof, penthouse 

 form. 



Amidships is the main cabin, wider than the hull proper which 

 carries the low openwork sides upon thwart beams projecting a 

 foot or so outboard beyond the gunwale proper. The roof is a 

 low atap covered penthouse, the boom of the mainsail being 

 raised sufficiently high to clear it. 



The construction of the open-frame sides when extended and 

 amplified would result in such a basketwork superstructure as is 

 seen in the Boro Budur sculptured ships, where it is evident that 

 the hull proper is narrow in comparison with the width of the 

 superstructure — -a method or design which necessitates the use of 

 double outriggers. To guard as much as possible against top- 

 heaviness, the added parts are made as light as possible, exactly as 

 is seen in the openwork bulwarks of Macassar praus, each plank 

 being spaced about its own width apart from the adjoining plank 

 above and below. 



The rig of these boats consists of a comparatively short mast 

 stepped well forward, carrying a boomed spritsail and a peculiar 

 fore staysail. The sprit is comparatively long ; the boom is fitted 

 fairly high, to enable it to clear the cabin roof. As there is 

 no bowsprit, the forward corner of the jib-like staysail, when 

 running with a fair wind, is attached to the outboard end of the 

 forward outrigger boom on the weather side (Fig. 46). In fishing 

 boats of the same design the tripod mast hoisting an oblong sail 

 is occasionally to be seen, for example at Paleleh. 



Macassar and Southern Celebes Coast. — On the southern coast 

 of the Celebes, dominated by the great entrepot of Macassar, 

 great diversity of type exists. Among the larger fishing boats 



