NO. 2 (1920) OUTRIGGER CANOES OF INDONESIA 57 



cut in low relief (Fig. 18). The simplicity and good taste of 

 both designs were remarkable, the effect enhanced by the absence 

 of superfluous accessory ornament. 



THE MOLUCCAS. 



Throughout the Moluccas all outriggers are of the double 

 type; with the exception of a few large ones seen at Weda, in the 

 south-east of Halmaheira, two booms only are employed. Two 

 main types are present, one with elbow-shaped secondaries eon 

 necting the booms with the floats, the other having the connexion 

 made by means of withy loops. 



The former, termed by Haddon, the Halmaheran, may more 

 appropriately be called the Eastern Indonesian type as it is found 

 i n one variation or another throughout the eastern part of the Malay 

 Archipelago, from the eastern coast of Borneo to the coast of New 

 Guinea, from the north end of Celebes to Lombok in the south. 

 The second in its chief varieties I propose to call the Amboyna and 

 Bum types respectively as they are there the common forms. 



HALMAHEIRA AND ITS DEPENDENT ISLANDS. 



The Eastern Indonesian type. — At no port in Halmaheira is 

 this type of outrigger wanting, but considerable variation in the 

 details and ornamentation is seen. The essential features consist 

 of the restriction of the booms to two in number (at Weda three are 

 occasionally employed) and the attachment of the floats to the 

 booms by means of elbow-shaped joints or brackets- The dimen- 

 sions vary greatly, from small dugouts to built-up planked boats. 

 The largest sizes, of three varieties, are found chiefly on the east 

 coast of Halmaheira, hailing from the ports of Galela, Tobelo, Kao, 

 Buli and Weda ; the small sizes are universal. 



The three large varieties may be called respectively the Galela, 

 the Buli and the Weda varieties from the places which are the 

 chief centres of their occurrence. 



(a) The Galela outriggers are often met far from their home 

 ports; their owners are petty traders as well as fishermen and in 

 the season carry cargoes of home-grown tobacco for sale through- 

 out the islands of the group, particularly to Ternate and Batjan. 

 Their craft are true boats, planked up, with a keel, ribs and a fairly 

 roomy cabin. A bamboo forms the float on each side. The con- 

 necting elbow-shaped joints differ considerably from the Waigou 



