NO. 2 (1920) OUTRIGGER CANOES OF INDONESIA 59 



decorated with crude figures made up of crosses, circles and dots, 

 painted in black upon the naked surface of the wood. Two 

 typical patterns are illustrated (Fig. 19). Others were different and 

 no two are exactly of the same pattern. In many boats the outer 

 edge of the gunwale is carved. The hull of one measured at 

 Ternate was 24 feet long, with a beam amidships of 5 feet and depth 

 of 25 inches ; the keel was 3% inches deep, running the whole 

 length. Three others measured at Galela were respectively 20, 20 

 and 22 feet long. In the Ternate example there were 7 strakes on 

 each side of the keel ; each strake had a row of projecting 

 perforated 'lugs' left in the centre at 5 intervals and those 

 of each strake were spaced so as to coincide vertically with 



a. 



^^^ 



^^^ 



Fig. 20. — Details of the hull construction in Galela outrigger boats. ./. inner view of 

 four planks with two vertical rows of projecting cleats or • lugs ' ; b. longi- 

 tudinal section through a plank and two cleats ; c. Vertical section through 

 four planks to show how a rib is lashed to the cleats. 



those above and below (Fig. 20). In building, the planks are 

 first secured together with vertical pegs ; afterwards when the hull 

 is complete, frames or ribs are fitted over the vertical rows of 

 projecting cleats, and tied thereto by cord made from black palm- 

 fibre. Thus the ribs do not lie against the inner surface of the 

 planking, but are separated therefrom by the thickness of the cleats 

 to which they are tied. By this device no metal fastenings are 

 required; such a hull possesses great elasticity and stands bumping 

 in the surf in a way that no metal-fastened boat would long survive. 

 The beamy design of these boats permits of the cabin being 

 built up from the gunwales ; unlike the Waigou type the cabin is 

 3 



