148 proceedings: entomological society of WASHINGTON 



They afford opportunities for greater vineyard production as well as 

 vine production, for they can be used in place of nonproductive male 

 vines as pollinators for imperfect hermaphrodites. 



It has been abundantly proved that the new perfect-flowered or 

 hermaphroditic type is a result of perfecting the pistils of the bloom of 

 the male type of vine rather than the rudimentary stamens of the bloom 

 of the female t3^pe. It is belie^^ed that it is merely a matter of time un- 

 til only perfect-flowered, self-fertile muscadine grapes will be grown in 

 the vineyards of the South. 



Plant responses under artificial light (with lantern): L. C. Corbett. 

 That light is one of the most important factors in the environment of 

 green plants has been recognized as long as any phenomenon of plant 

 physiology has been observed. Many experiments have been conducted 

 to demonstrate the effects of the presence or absence of light as a fac- 

 tor of environment. The great majority of these experiments are 

 merely qualitative. They demonstrate the effect of a force with no 

 attempt to analyze or measure it. Plant physiology has up to recent 

 time been largely a qualitative science. This is to be explained chiefly 

 on the ground that bio-chemistry has not been sufficiently developed 

 to permit plant physiology to be other than a qualitative science. 

 While, as has been stated, there are numerous simple tests to illus- 

 trate the fact that light directly influences various plant activities, few 

 studies have been undertaken to show the relation of various portions 

 of the spectrum to plant responses. 



More than twenty years ago the speaker had an opportunity to con- 

 duct a series of tests to determine the influence which artificial light, 

 used as a supplement to daylight, might have on the rate of develop- 

 ment of various plants growing in greenhouses. After a series of tests 

 extending over three years to determine the influence of incandescent 

 gas light as a supplement to daylight, a series of tests was inaugurated 

 to determine the influence of various-colored incandescent gas lights on 

 plant growth, when used as a supplement to daylight. In these tests 

 incandescent gas lamps were provided with globes tinted red, blue, 

 and green. The behavior of plants in the field of such lights was com- 

 pared with the behavior of like plants in the field of lamps carrying 

 clear globes. Different plants gave varying responses under the stim- 

 ulus of the different-colored light, but each light induced a character- 

 istic effect which was consistent for all plants, but in varying degrees. 



Chas. E. Chambliss, Recording Secretary. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 



The 319th regular meeting of the Society was held Feb. 6, 1919, in 

 the new Assembly Hall of the Cosmos Club; 36 members and 10 visi- 

 tors were present. 



The following new members were elected: Dr. U. C. Loftin, of the 

 Bureau of Entomology, John D. Sherman, of New York, and E. A. 



