ANDERSON: eXPIX>RATlONS IN THB ARCTIC 313 



The next great naturalist in the north was Roderick Mac- 

 Farlane, still living in Winnipeg, who, beginning in the late 

 fifties and continuing until the nineties, enriched the United 

 States National Museum with collections made in the Mackenzie 

 basin and the region around Liverpool Bay and Franklin Bay. 

 E. W. Nelson at St. Michaels and farther north from 1877 to 

 1 88 1, and John Murdoch at Point Barrow in 1881-83, made 

 very important contributions both to collections and to zoolog- 

 ical hterature. Other scientific collectors who reached spots 

 on the western Arctic coast were Frederick Funston (about 1896), 

 E. A. Mcllhenny (1898), and Frank Russell (1894). David T. 

 Hanbury (1904) and Roald Amundsen (1906-07) made some 

 notes, but little in the way of zoological collections. 



Mr. E. A. Preble, of Washington, although not strictly an 

 Arctic worker himself, in 1908 summed up all previous Arctic 

 zoological work and bibliography in his Biological investigations 

 of the Athabaska-Mackenzie Region (North American Fauna, 

 No. 27). 



The speaker, in carrying on zoological collecting and explora- 

 tion for the American Museum of Natural History in the Arctic 

 from 1908 to 191 2, visited practically all points on the Arctic 

 coast from Point Barrow, Alaska, to Coronation Gulf, as well 

 as many Arctic districts away from the coast, notably on both 

 sides of the Endicott Mountains divide in Alaska, the Mack- 

 enzie delta, and the edge of the timber-line in the Great Bear 

 Lake and Coppermine River region in Canada. The Canadian 

 Arctic Expedition, 1913-16, covered a good part of the same 

 region, although its activities were mainly on or near the coast. 

 The first year's base (19 13-14) was at CoUinson Point, Alaska, 

 and the base for the next two years on Dolphin and Union 

 Strait, whence the territory was worked west to Darnley Bay 

 and east to Bathurst Inlet. The southern branch of the ex- 

 pedition was prepared for both terrestrial and marine zoological 

 work, and extensive collections of plants, insects, fishes, and 

 invertebrates were made, as well as good series of the larger 

 animal forms. The northern division of this expedition was 

 mainly interested in geographical work and did very Uttle zo- 



