78 



1 6. Secondly, we need two Directors (or Superintend- 

 ents or Deputy or Assistant Directors) one for marine 

 and one for inland waters ; these must be fishery experts 

 who will deal with and supervise the details of work, 

 will conduct the necessary enquiries, will translate into 

 definite methods and experiments the policy and lines of 

 action sanctioned by the Commissioner, and will super- 

 vise the staff. Government have already appointed 

 Mr. Wilson as Piscicultural Expert, but I take it that 

 this designation hardly expresses his full duties, since he 

 will necessarily be occupied in biological, economic, and 

 local investigations as a necessary preliminary to, or con- 

 comitant of, piscicultural work, and in such conserva- 

 tional w^ork as enquiries may show to be possible. For 

 the present then, I take it that Mr. Wilson will be the 

 Deputy Director for freshwater work. 



17. For directing marine work there will be more 

 difficulty in obtaining a really competent officer ; except 

 perhaps, in Japan, it is very difficult to find an all-round 

 man acquainted on the economic or industrial side with 

 the fishino- business in its several branches of catchino- 

 curing, and distribution ; in Great Britain this highly- 

 developed business is so split up that one man seldom 

 combines a knowledge of various branches ; e.g., even in 

 the catching branch, the drifting skipper cannot trawl 

 and knows nothino- of lono- llnlno- ; the curino- trade agfain 

 Is separate from the catching branch and, except in cer- 

 tain items, separate in the various classes of curing ; the 

 salesman again is not necessarily an expert In anything 

 except the distribution of the lish. Again, there Is a 

 sharp line between the scientific and the industrial lines, 

 and while scientific men can somewhat easily be obtained, 

 they are usually more scientific than industrial, and for 

 our present Indian purposes we want men who are, in 

 the first place. Industrial experts, yet, In the second 

 place, have such a knowledge of the science — biological, 

 chemical, hygienic, etc. — which underlies practice, that 

 they are not mere rule-of-thumb men who know and can 

 teach only what they have learned empirically. 



18. A concrete case will show the difficulty ; in Ireland 

 the Congested Districts Board has worked its fisheries 

 in a most prudent and enlightened way for sixteen years 

 with Scotch Superintendents and Instructors In several 

 branches. Yet, when In 1907 the Board required a Chief 



