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6. Now in India it is out of the question to send 

 boys or men of the fishermen class for training abroad ; 

 they are among the most ignorant, prejudiced, and 

 boorish of the lower castes, though individually fine men 

 and well versed in their ancient methods ; a few minutes 

 with men on the Madras beach will show this. On the 

 other hand, In addition to the caste difficulty, the 

 educated men of our schools and colleges are delicate, 

 wholly unused to and disliking manual labour, quite 

 unfit for continuous exposure to storms and wintry cold 

 at sea, the very last men in the world to send for deep- 

 sea training in European or Japanese waters ; a week of 

 British or Japanese work, except in fair weather, would, 

 literally, kill them. I should have foreseen this, but it 

 came home to me in observing the men and conditions 

 of British deep-sea life and hearing of them at first hand 

 from competent observers. Under these circumstances, 

 I abandoned, as impracticable, the idea of training- 

 Indian students abroad as future deep-sea ftshing 

 experts. 



7. Moreover, except possibly for one experimental 

 trawler-drifter, I hope to work from the bottom, by very 

 gradually improving local and indigenous boats and 

 methods, so that we shall not at once want highly trained 

 deep-sea experts, capable of taking a trawling fieet to 

 sea, so much has a body of local fishermen working and 

 gradually developing under the suggestions and help of 

 one thorough expert, aided by crews or instructors drawn 

 from more advanced localities which I have in mind. 

 Ireland taught me this amongst other lessons, and I shall 

 shortly propose adaptations of Irish methods ; in north- 

 west Ireland they obtain Scottish Superintendents, and 

 work a class of newly introduced large sea boats by 

 local crews who are stiffened and taught by one or two 

 instructors (superior fishermen) drawn either from Scot- 

 land or from more advanced part (Arklow) of Ireland, or 

 even by special crews brouglit from such parts. Here I 

 shall propose an European expert to be stationed in 

 Madras itself, who will inter alia assist local men to 

 understand and work improved (Ratnagiri) boats with 

 the aid of (Ratnagiri) men who may be permanently 

 engaged for the purpose ; in Bombay last week I found 

 that they are accustomed to work large fishing boats, up 

 to 30 tons, at more than 30 miles from siiore. 



