TEE PRESENT EPIDEMIC OF MALARIA. 879 



dark band (see Plate B), while rossii has a single broad white band 

 at the tips of the palpi followed by a broad dark band which again is 

 followed by a narrow light band (see Plate C). The legs of Anopheles 

 stephensi too are speckled, especially the tibia and femora, while this 

 is not the case with Anopheles rossii (see Plates B & C). The larvse can 

 be distinguished by the shape of the leaflets of the palmate hairs, the 

 terminal filament of each leaflet in rossi is very long (see Plate I)), 

 while it is comparatively short in the case of stephensi (see Plate D). 

 The eggs of the two species differ. In the case of stephensi the 

 lateral floats encroach upon the deck surface of the Qgg, so that this 

 surface has the shape of a figure of 8 (Plate D). The floats in the 

 egg of rossii are placed well down upon the lateral surfaces (Plate D). 



Let us now see whether the favourable conditions necessary for 

 the multiplication of the malaria parasite are to be found in 

 the infected area. First the conditions suitable for the transference 

 of the parasite from man to mosquito are fulfilled in the abundant 

 presence of a suitable species of anopheles, viz., Anopheles stephensi 

 and in the presence of a human population suitably infected 

 with parasites working on the new docks, many of whom, especially 

 " the ghatis," coming from malaria-infected country villages, carry 

 in their blood the parasite ready to develop in mosquitoes. Secondly, 

 the conditions for the transference of the parasite from mosquito to 

 man are fulfilled in finding a large number of suitablv infected mos- 

 quitoes among the susceptible population of the Port. These are con- 

 ditions suitable for the epidemic spread of the disease. 



I have left myself little time to speak about preventive measures. 

 These measures can conveniently be considered as personal and pub- 

 lic measures. A word or two on personal measures will suffice. The 

 object of these measures is twofold. First to destroy the malaria par- 

 asite in the human body by the administration of quinine : se- 

 cond, to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes by the use of mosquito 

 curtains at night and protective coverings for the feet and hands 

 during the evening hours. The use of Wellington boots in 

 the evening, in place of slippers, is a very simple and effective 

 precaution against infection. 



Public measures for the prevention of malaria are more important 

 in this country, because poverty and ignorance seldom permit the 

 personal measures being properly carried out. These measures aim 



