SOME INDIAN FRESHWATER SHELLS. 97 



V. crassa (Hut). 



Shell.— Globular. Lip rounded. Whorla 4. 



Colour. — Whitish yellow. Lip black. Inside mouth pale greyish blue. 



Length. — 23. 



AMPULLARIIDiE. 



Ampullaria globosa (Swain). 



Shell.— Globular. Spire very small and rounded. Whorls 7, gradually get- 

 ting smaller until hardly distinguishable towards spire. Operculum thick and 

 shelly. 



Colour. — Greenish olive marked with faint lines of dark green. Lip whitish. 



Length. — 71. 



One of the most characteristic of Indian freshwater shells. 



The animal has a long incurrent syphon formed by the neck lappet. Am- 

 pullaria is found in lakes and rivers and during drought retires very deep 

 into the mud, passing the time in a state of torpidity. Eggs large and enclosed 

 in capsules. 



A. carinata (Swain). 



Shell.— Globular. Second whorl distinctly flattened at top. Whorls 6. 

 Operculum thick and shelly. 



Colour.— Olive brown. Broad black outer lip. Whole shell often very 

 faintly streaked with white. 



Length. — 51. The South of India. 



A. nux (Reeve). 



S/ieZJ— Globular. Tip rounded and often so eroded as to make it impossible 

 to distinguish the number of whorls. Operculum thick and shelly. 



Colour. — Yellowish brown. Lip whitish. 



Length. — 27, Mountain streams in the South. 



MELANIIDyE. 



The Melaniidce are found in rivers and lakes throughout the warmer parts 

 of the world. They are sometimes viviparous. The spire of the shell is 

 often very eroded, due to acidity of the water. They are all operculate. 



Melania eleyans (Bens). 



Shell. — Turretted and spiral. Whorls 7. 



Colour. — Olive yellow, marked with brown wavy markings. 



Length. — 19*5. 



M. tuberculata (MiillJ. 



Shell. — Slender, tip of spire acute. Wborls 10. 



Colour. — As in the last but may readily be distinguished from it by its larger 

 size and slender appearance. 



Length. — 86. 



This species has probably a wide range in the East, and I have specimens 

 from Madras and Japan. 

 13 



