560 JOURNAL, BOMBA Y NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, Vol. XVIIL 



in old birds, yellow forming a narrow 



band behind the nail, sometimes just 



reaching the fore end of, but never 



stretches back under the nostril ; depth 



of lower mandible 0*33 — 0*45 in., rarely 



up to 0-47 in., in young ones down to 



0*31 in, ; depth of bill 1-26 — 1*5 in. ; expos- 

 ed culmen 2-63 — 3*27 in., in young ones 



sometimes down to 2*52 in. ; along the 



base of upper mandible rarely if ever a 



trace of white bands; (wing 17-7 — 19*8 



in. long) sibiricus Alph. 



B. Length of nail of upper mandible as seen from 

 above included in total length of exposed culmen 

 clearly less than 4 times, usually about 3| — 3f 

 times ; depth of bill (both mandibles) opposite the 

 limit of forehead feathering and culmen — some- 

 what more than half of length of exposed culmen : 

 depth of lower mandible included in the length 

 of exposed culmen about 5| — 6i times, very rare- 

 ly 7 times ; number of teeth on each side of upper 

 mandible normally about 20 — 21, rarely up to 24 



or 25. 



c. Depth of bill opposite limit of feathering on 

 culmen 1-1 — 1*28 in. ; depth of lower mandi- 

 ble 0'33 — 0-37 in., in young ones sometimes 

 down to 0-30 in. (in old ones said to attain 

 exceptionally 0-43 in. but I doubt this) ; 

 culmen 2-0 —2*42 in. long. 



^.Pale band of bill pinkish-red or flesh- 

 coloured, though legs yellow ; head darker 

 brown ; (wing 15-95— 18-7 in. long) cameirostris Buturl. 



d 1 . Pale band of bill, as legs, yellow or 

 orange-yellow ; head lighter coloured ; 

 (wing 10-12— 17-75 in. long) segetum Gm. 



d. Depth of bill 1-31—1-63 in. ; depth of lower 

 mandible 0*39 in. and more, rarely down to 

 0-37 and in young ones sometimes to 0*35 

 in. ; exposed culmen commonly 2-44 in. long 

 and more, rarely down to 2-28 in. 



e 1 . Pale colouring of the bill rarely if ever 

 extending back under the nostrils , ex- 

 posed culmen about 2-44 — 2-68 in., less 

 commonly down to 2-28— or up to 2-84 in. 



