128 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



Museum Collection, from the lies Salvages (south of Madeira), appears to agree in all 

 essential points with the type, but has a more slender stem and main branches. 

 Habitat. — Madeira and lies Salvages (Brit. Mus.). 



Aphanipathes ? barbadcnsis, n. sp. (PI. II. fig. 10 ; PI. XL fig. 4). 



A small species with a simple erect stem bearing five rows of subhorizontal pinnules, 

 recalling the habit of Parantipathes larix, from which, indeed, it is indistinguishable at first 

 glance. There are, however, only five rows of slender pinnules instead of six, and only 

 those arising from the upper portion of the stem are simple. The lower pinnules bear 

 one or two short, simple or forked, secondary processes which are turned downwards, 

 and situated near the base of each pinnule (PI. II. fig. 10). The stem is 30 cm. long, and 

 the pinnules vary from 1 - 3 to 2 "5 cm., with an average length of about 2 cm. The 

 spines are strong, elongate, much compressed, and arranged in irregular, steep, dextrorse 

 spirals as well as in longitudinal rows. Six rows may be counted from one aspect of a 

 pinnule, the members of a row being about one length apart (PI. XL fig. 4). The short 

 secondary pinnules of this species recall the more complicated arrangement in Parantipathes 

 hirta (Gray), but the spines are of quite a different type. The elongate crowded spines 

 appear to indicate a relation to the genus Aphanipathes, but the polyps are not known. 



Habitat. — Barbadoes (Brit. Mus.). 



Aphanipathes? pedata (Gray) (PI. XL figs. 12, 12a). 



Antipathes pedata, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1857, p. 291. 



The following is Gray's description of this interesting species : — 

 " Coral fan-like, in one plane, branched ; bran chiefs linear elongate, in one series on 

 the upper side of arched branches, and branched on the inner side." 



I find from an examination of the type specimen, which is in the British Museum, 

 that this specimen is parasitic in its habit, a feature of special interest, as it is, so far as 

 I am aware, the only known instance amongst the Antipathidse. The stem and main 

 branches possess a central core of wood — evidently a small branch and twigs of some 

 tree — on which the young oozooid has fixed itself, and made use of the ligneous axis for 

 the earlier extensions of its colony, as is the case in Savaglia lamarcki. The wood is 

 only covered by an extremely thin dull brown sheath of sclerenchyma, on which the 

 spines are developed in the normal manner. The corallum evidently attains a large size, 

 the type specimen, which is broken into several pieces, being over 1 metre high. The 

 diameter at the base is over 7 mm., and the main stem gives off a number of principal 



