REPORT ON THE ANTIPATHARIA. 157 



obtuse angle is included between adjoining rows of opposite spirals (PI. VII. fig. 4). The 

 pinnules are very variable in length, but 2 - 2 cm. appears to be the maximum. Those in 

 some rows are frequently longer than those in others, and it appears probable that in 

 some cases the pinnules are longer on one side of a branch than on the other, but so 

 many of them are broken in the type specimen that it is difficult to decide. There are 

 usually six or seven half spirals (eighteen to twenty-one pinnules) to a centimetre. This 

 species shows, perhaps, more clearly than any other the gradual transition from simple 

 pinnules to the strongest branches borne by the stem. When one bears in mind that the 

 main branches have all been derived from the pinnules of the stem, and the secondary ones 

 from the pinnules borne by these in turn, it is easy to understand how the primary and 

 secondary branches come to have such a varied direction. The spines are thorn-like in 

 outline, and slightly hooked upwards. A spiral arrangement is not noticeable, but the 

 spines are arranged in longitudinal rows, four of which may be seen from one aspect of a 

 pinnule. The members of a row are placed at somewhat irregular intervals, from one to 

 two and a half lengths apart. The spines in this genus, and in Cladopathes, differ from 

 those of other Schizopathinse in being longer and bent upwards, instead of extending at 

 right angles to the axis. 



The polyps are very small, with short tentacles, and are confined to one aspect of a 

 pinnule. There are usually about eight to a centimetre, with a slight interval between 

 each. They appear to be closer together on some pinnules than on others. 



Habitat— Station 344; April 3, 1876; lat. 7° 54' 20" S., long. 14° 28' 20" W., off 

 Ascension ; depth, 420 fathoms ; bottom, volcanic sand. One specimen. 



Genus Cladopathes, n. gen. 



Dimorphic zooids much crowded and frequently incompletely separated from one 

 another. The mouth is situated at the summit of a thick cylindrical projection of the 

 peristome. The stomodaeum is very long, and reaches nearly to the periaxial sheath 

 of the sclerenchyma. It is much folded, and the longest diameter does not correspond 

 with the sagittal axis. The mesoglcea is very thick, and contains numerous stellate or 

 rounded cells as in certain Actiniaria. The corallum is much branched, and the branches 

 bear numerous short radiating pinnules. The spines of Cladopathes plumosa are larger 

 than those of any other member of the subfamily, and are somewhat bent upwards. 



Cladopathes plumosa, n. sp. (PI. II. figs. 1-4). 



Corallum in long plumose branches, which are more or less subdivided, each branchlet 

 bearing a large number of short radiating pinnules. Spines relatively large and 

 triangular, similar to the usual type in the genus Antipathella. 



This species, of which two specimens were obtained off Prince Edward Island, is a 



