166 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



then bear two to four short tertiary pinnules, frequently, but not invariably, on one side 

 only. The majority of the primary pinnules and their derivatives are usually free, but 

 the branchlets are united together by one or two pinnules from adjoining branchlets, 

 which become fused together. The spines are short and conical, with a sharp apex, 

 and stand out almost at right angles to the axis. A spiral arrangement is fairly well 

 marked in both directions, but the dextrorse spiral is steeper than the one in the opposite 

 direction. The spines are also disposed in longitudinal rows, five of which may be 

 counted from one aspect of a pinnule. The members of a row are three to four lengths 

 apart. A few of the spines have a forked apex (PI. XL fig. 11). 

 Habitat. — Aru Islands (Wallace), Brit. Mus. 



Group A. Antipathid^e Myriophylloides. 

 Species related to Antipathes myriophylla, Pall., in type of branching. 

 [Antipathes] myriophylla, Pall. (PL XII. fig. 1). 



Antipathes myriophylla, Pallas, Elench. Zooph., p. 210; Esper (pt. ii. p. 180); Dana, Zooph., 

 p. 578; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1857, p. 292; Pourtales, Bull. Mus. Corap. ZooL, 

 1880, pi. iii. fig. 23. 



Antipathes myriophilla, Milne-Edwards, Coralliaires, t. i. p. 316. 



" A. incurva ramosissima pinnatulataque, ramis sparsis divaricatis, pinnulis rarius 

 culis setaceis, hinc ramosis" (Pallas, loc. cit.). 



Main axis usually repeatedly bent at right angles, alternately to the right and left. 

 From the angles thus formed short tapering branches are given off. Stronger branches 

 occur at irregular intervals along the stem. The primary branchlets are usually bipinnate, 

 occasionally tripinnate, and the pinnules are usually opposite and closely set, bearing 

 a number of short, usually simple, though sometimes forked, processes, which are all 

 situated on the anterior surface of the pinnules and directed forwards. On this account 

 the whole of the anterior surface of the corallum has a more complex structure than the 

 posterior. The whole of the branching takes place in one plane, with the exception of 

 the short secondary pinnules referred to. 



Esper gives a fair figure of this species (21, pi. Antip. x.). The spines are subcorneal 

 and hooked upwards. They are much crowded, and arranged in regular longitudinal 

 rows, six or seven of which may be seen from one aspect of a pinnule The members of 

 a row are not more than half a length apart. A spiral arrangement may also be made 

 out both from left to right and in the opposite direction (PL XII. fig. 1). 



Habitat. — Indian Ocean (Pallas) ; Batavia (Ellis), Philippines (Cuming), Brit. 

 Mus. 



