172 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



[Antipathes] pumila, n. sp. (PI. XL fig. 17). 



A small species resembling Antipathes abies, var. paniculata, in habit, but having 

 short and more slender paniculate branches and more elongate spines. The corallum is 

 slender, 9 cm. long and 6 cm. broad. The stem is straight, and the branches are arranged 

 subspirally, four or five in one revolution of the axis ; they are from 1 to 6 cm. long. 

 Those about 3 cm. long bear eighteen to twenty-two subalternate branchlets, most of 

 which are lateral or antero-lateral, but a few arise from the posterior surface. Frequently 

 the longest and most complex branchlet (2 cm.) is inserted on the posterior surface of 

 the distal half of a branch. Many of the branchlets are short and simple, but others 

 bear two to five subsecund secondary branchlets, not all in one plane, but all directed 

 towards one aspect. Some of these may again bear a short tertiary subsecund series. 

 Occasionally one or two of the secondary branchlets, like those of the primary series, 

 spring from the posterior surface of the axis. Ultimate branchlets "25 to 0'75 cm. long. 

 Spines elongate, tapering, and directed upwards from a narrow base. They resemble 

 those of Aphanipathes wollastoni closely in form. They are arranged in dextrorse spirals 

 and also in longitudinal rows, six of which may be counted from one aspect of a branchlet. 

 The members of a row are usually rather less than one length apart. 



Habitat. — Kurrachee (Murray), Brit. Mus. 



[Antipathes] cylindrica, n. sp. (PI. IV. figs. 5-7). 



Stem simple, erect, tapering, with five or six horny Annelid tubes closely applied to 

 it ; length of the larger specimen 32 cm., diameter at base 4 mm., near apex 0"6 mm. 

 Only the apical 20 cm. now bears branches (PI. IV. fig. 5). These are very closely set, 

 subverticillate, or in a very close spiral, usually in four rows. The branches are 

 relatively strong and short, much divided and subequal in length, giving a bottle-brush 

 type of growth. The greatest diameter is about 4 cm. The branches are strong at 

 first and taper rapidly to a hair-like point. Near the base they usually become 

 forked (PI. IV. fig. 6), and about the same point may bear an elongate and more 

 slender branchlet, the whole three subequal in length, and separated from each other 

 by a wide angle. Each arm of the main branch bears a number of irregularly 

 pinnate or bipinnate branchlets, most of which are directed obliquely downwards. 

 Fusions are frequent between the primary arms of the branches, but the pinnate 

 branchlets are always free. The degree of complexity differs greatly in adjoining 

 branches. Some bear elongate branchlets, which are simple or forked, others bear 

 a tertiary series of branchlets. The branches and branchlets are all straight and 

 rigid. The spines are short and triangular, distributed in a spiral manner and also in 

 longitudinal rows, six of which are visible from one aspect. The members of a row are 



