342 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



Asterias Johnstoni, Gray, in Johnston, 1836, Loudon's Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. ix. p. 146, fig. 21. 

 Hippasteria plana, Gray, 1840, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi. p. 279; Synop. Spec. Starf. Brit. 



Mus., 1866, p. 9. 

 Hippasteria Europcea, Gray, ibid. 

 Hippasteria Johnstoni, Gray, ibid. 

 Hippasteria cornuta, Gray, ibid. 



Goniaster equestris, Forbes, 1841, Hist. Brit. Starf., p. 125. 



Astrogonium phrygianum, Muller and Troschel, 1842, System der Asteriden, p. 52. 

 Goniaster abbensis, Forbes, 1843, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xi. p. 280, pi. vii. 

 Astrogonium, aculeatum, Barrett, 1857, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. xx. p. 47, pi. iv. figs. 



4a, b. 

 Goniaster phrygianus, Norman, 1865, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. xv. p. 123. 

 Hippasteria phrygiana, Verrill, 1885, Rep. Comiss. Fish and Fisheries for 1883, p. 542, pi. xvii. 



fig. 47. 



Localities. — Challenger Expedition : 



Station 49. Off the coast of the United States, south of Halifax, Nova Scotia. May 

 20, 1873. Lat. 43° 3' 0" N., long. 63° 39' 0" W. Depth 85 fathoms. Gravel, stones. 

 Bottom temperature 35°'0 Fahr. ; surface temperature 40° '5 Fahr. 



" Porcupine " Expedition : 



Localities not recorded. Stated to be not found below the 100 fathom line. 1 



" Triton " Expedition : 



Station 3. In the Faeroe Channel. August 8, 1882. Lat. 60° 39' 30" N., long. 9° 

 6' 0" W. Depth 87 fathoms. Bottom temperature 49°-5 Fahr. 



Remarks. — The specimens from Station 49, of which there are a large number, 

 appear to have the ray rather longer and narrower than in the examples from the 

 eastern side of the Atlantic ; and all of them are of comparatively small size. 



Family PentacerotiDjE (Gray), Perrier, emend. 1884. 



The family Pentacerotidae, established by Gray in 1840, included thirty-two of the 

 forty -four genera of Asteroidea recognised by him. It embraced, in addition to the forms 

 mentioned below, representatives of the families Pentagonasteridas, Antheneidse, Gym- 

 nasteriidse, Echinasteridae, Liuckiidse, Asteriuidse, and AsteriidsB. 



In M. Perrier's classification of 1876, this unwieldy and unnatural group was split 

 up and the name Pentacerotidse was dropped. In the new classification proposed by 

 Perrier in 1884 the name was revived for a small section, the recognition of which as a 

 family appears to me to be perfectly valid and natural. 



The genera now included in the family Pentacerotidae are enumerated in the follow- 

 ing table : — 



1 Depths of the Sea, p. 119. 



