CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. 



17 



Occurrence. The "Iugolf" has not taken this species, but it is to hand from other sources. 



West coast of Iceland: Reykjavik, 1 specimen (taken by Hallgrimsson), and it has been secured 

 a number of times at the Yestmanna Islands and from there eastwards along the south coast of Iceland 

 to ca. 15' 2 °W. L. in depths from 10 to ca. 60 fm. (A. C. Johansen, "Thor" 1903 and 1904, and "Beskyt- 

 teren"). At the Faeroes it has hitherto been taken only three times, namely, in Kalbaks Fjord, 16—40 fm. 

 (Th. .Mortensen); 4 miles east from Naalso, 80 fm. (Th. Mortensen), and 61° 56' N. L., 7 04'W. L., 30 fm. 

 ("Thor" 1903). 



Distribution. This species is known from the Shetlands and the Hebrides (Norman), further 

 south from the east and west coasts of England and east coasts of Ireland (various authors), north and west 

 coasts of France (Bonnier). It is said also to have been taken in the Mediterranean (Costa, test. Heller) and in 

 the Black Sea (Czerniavsky, test. Ortmaun). To this it may be added, that Heller wrote concerning 

 P. marmorms Leach: "ist vielleicht bloss eine Varietat" of P. holsattis; A. Milne-Edwards & E. L. 

 Bouvier wrote in 1899: "Si, comme il y a lieu de le croire, le P. marmoreus doit etre identifie avec le 

 P. holsatus Fabricius", and they show that P. marmoreus is taken at the Azores and state that it "habite 

 depuis le voisinage du littoral jusqu'a 60 m. — 100 m. profondeur". I am unable to settle the question 

 whether P. marmoreus Leach is only a variety of P. holsatus Fabr., but mention the statements cited 

 so as to show so far as possible the present state of our knowledge, with special regard to the distri- 

 bution of this species to the south. 



P. holsatus has also been taken at the coasts of Belgium (v. Beneden), Holland (Herklots, test. 

 Ortmann), off and at the west coast of Jutland (Meinert, Metzgen, in the Skager Rak and "northern 

 part of the Kattegat as far as Varberg" (Meinert), at the south coast of Norway (G. O. Sars), lastly 

 Vesteraalen in Lofoten (Nordgaard). The greatest depth I have found given is 70 fm., stated by 

 Meinert (1890). 



The most northerly place from which the species was formerly taken was the Shetland Isles, 

 between 60 and 6i° N. L.; the statements given above of its occurrence not only at the Fseroes but 

 also at the southern coast and the south part of the western coast of Iceland to ca. 64° io' N. L. mean a not 

 unimportant increase to its distribution, and we have at the same time a new example of how southern 

 forms reach up to these places at Iceland. 



Remarks. The largest of the above-mentioned specimens came from the south coast of 

 Iceland; its carapace is 34 mm. long and 44'^ mm. broad, which shows that it is indeed adult but 

 not a specially large specimen, as A. Milne-Edwards (1861) gives respectively 40 and 53 mm. as the 

 two dimensions of the carapace. 



8. Carcinus Maenas L. 



1758. Cancer Maenas Linne, Syst. Naturae, Ed. X, p. 627. 



1844. Carcinus — Bell, Brit. Crust., p. 76, with fig. 



! 1861. — — A. Milne-Edwards, Archives du Museum, T X, p. 391. 



1866. — — Heller, Crust, stidl. Europa, p. 91, Taf. II, Fig. 14, 15. 



Occurrence. This species, which was not taken by the "Ingolf, is present from the following 

 localities. 



The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 2. 3 



