INTRODUCTION 11 
The first part * consists of a reprint of Llanos’s papers, with 
his Spanish diagnoses reproduced and also translated into Latin. 
It is convenient to have these descriptions reprinted, as Lla- 
nos’s chief publication, his ‘“Fragmentos,” is a rare book. The 
introduction consists chiefiy of biographical notes relating to 
Llanos’s life and botanical work; see p. 25. 
The second paper, a botanical curiosity, is that of Mercado ® 
originally written in the last third of the seventeenth century. 
It deals with the medicinal properties of various Philippine 
plants and the discussions of various species include a curious 
mixture of fact, superstition, and fable in many cases.1° The 
scientific names added by Fernandez-Villar are not always cor- 
rect. From a botanical standpoint the work is of very slight 
importance, but it contains some data of economic value and is 
of interest from a historical standpoint. The introduction con- 
tains biographical notes regarding Mercado, an interesting dis- 
cussion of the early botanical writings of various representatives 
of the religious orders in the Philippines, and a history of Mer- 
cado’s manuscript. The original illustrations, in color, were 
not reproduced when the paper was published. 
The 473 plates, illustrating the third edition of the Flora de 
Filipinas, are usually in two unbound volumes, but in some copies 
they are scattered through the four volumes of text. They are 
unnumbered in the edition de luxe, and their proper numbers 
can be determined only by reference to the text of the Novissima 
Appendix or to the list of illustrations usually found at the 
end of the Novissima Appendix or sometimes placed in the first 
volume of plates. This list consists of six pages numbered by 
the Roman system. 
The identification of the plates is the work of Naves, but there 
are numerous manifest errors, both in relation to Blanco’s 
species they are supposed to represent and to binomials of other 
*Fragmentos de Algunas Plantas de Filipinas no incluidas en la flora 
de las islas de la primera ni segunda edicién dispuestas segun el sistema 
-Linneano por el P. Fr. Antonio Llanos, Agustino Calzado, afiadidos con 
_ otros trabajos del autor y vertidos al Latin por el P. Fr. Celestino Fernan- 
dez-Villar del mismo instituto (1880) XVI + 1-108. 
* Libro de medicinas de esta tierra y declaraciones de las virtudes de los 
arboles y plantas que estan en estas islas Filipinas compuesto por el P. 
Predicador Fr. Ignacio de Mercado filipinense del 6érden de San Agustin 
hijo del convento de San Pablo de Manila. Corregido é ilustrado con las 
clasificaciones cientificas por el P. Fr. Celestino Fernandez-Villar del mismo 
instituto (1880) VI + 1-63. 
“Cook, A. C. Some Filipino Botany. Plant World 4 (1901) 1-5. 
