INTRODUCTION 15 
pendix ** and it is wholly the work of Father Celestino Fer- 
nandez-Villar and Father Andrés Naves, but mostly the actual 
work of the former. Fernandez-Villar is the author of the treat- 
ment of the dicotyledonous and gymnospermous orders, pages 
1 to 212, and of the monocotyledonous orders and vascular 
cryptogams, from Fimbristylis bispicata on page 307 to the end 
of the work. Naves is the author of the monocotyledonous 
orders from page 213 to Fimbristylis nutans on page 307. 
The date appearing on the title page is 1880, and the introduc- 
tion is dated December 12, 1880. The printer’s date for the 
last part, indicated on page 375, is June 15, 1883. From an 
examination of an unbound copy in which the original fascicle 
covers were preserved I find that pages 1 to 272 were issued 
in 1880; pages 273 to 336 were issued in 1882; and pages 337 
to 375 were issued in 1883.* 
As indicated in the introduction to the third edition of the 
Flora de Filipinas,'* it was the intention of the authors that 
the fourth part of the third edition should form a new Flora 
de Filipinas, to include all the species described by Mercado, 
Blanco, and Llanos; all of those described from Philippine 
material by other authors; and the various undescribed species, 
arranged in their natural orders. The inference implied by the 
prospectus, issued in 1877, is that descriptions would be added, 
but this is not definitely stated. However, owing to various cir- 
cumstances the authors were obliged to abandon their original 
plan in part, as indicated in the introduction to the Novissima 
Appendix** The reasons given were the enervating effect of 
the climate, the impatience of the majority of the subscribers 
for the termination of the work, the lack of special training 
on the part of the authors, the lack of an herbarium, and the 
lack of botanical publications. Further they had no means of 
consulting the Philippine botanical material preserved in various 
European and American herbaria and had not seen a single 
Specimen of the large Cuming collection, on which up to that 
date most of the actual knowledge of the Philippine flora on 
* Naves, A. and Fernandez-Villar, C. Novissima Appendix ad Floram 
Philippinarum R. P. Fr. Emmanuélis Blanco, seu enumeratio contracta 
plantarum philippinensium hucusque cognitarum. Cum synonymis P.P. 
Blanco, Llanos, Mercado et aliorum auctorum. (1880-1883) IX + I-375. 
“ Merrill, E. D. The dates of publication of the third edition of Blanco’s 
Flora de Filipinas. Philip. Journ. Sci. 12 (1917) Bot. 113-116. 
S81 1ST ITX, x : 
* Novis. App. (1880) V-IX.. 
