34 SPECIES BLANCOANAE 
of towns, second-growth forests and thickets, but little from 
the virgin forests, and none from the higher mountains. Even 
from medium altitudes but few species were described, the no- 
table ones being but four, Pinus taeda Blanco (=P. insularis 
Endl), Llanosia toquian Blanco (=Ternstroemia toquian F. 
Vill.), Blechnum colobrinum Blanco (=-Oleandra -neriiformis 
Cav), and Nepenthes alata Blanco. Naturally in searching for 
material to elucidate or represent Blanco’s species the actual 
field work must in large part be confined to low altitudes and to 
those regions from which Blanco received his material. : 
‘As Blanco frequently mentioned the exact locality in which 
he observed many of his species, this factor has been of especial 
importance in the identification of them. It has thus been pos- 
sible to locate many of his species by field work in special local- 
ities. To illustrate this matter a few special cases will suffice: 
Borago indica Linn. = Trichodesma indicum R. Br. was cor- 
rectly interpreted by Blanco in the second edition of his Flora 
de Filipinas. Blanco states that he observed it in peanut plan- 
tations in the town of Parafiaque south of Manila. This annual 
weed has persisted in this locality, can now be found in practically 
every peanut plantation in Parafiaque, but has scarcely been 
detected elsewhere in the Philippines. Mimosa quadrivalvis 
Linn.=Schrankia quadrivalvis (Linn.) Merr. was correctly inter- 
preted by Blanco in the first edition of the Flora de Filipinas ; 
Blanco’s description applies unmistakably to this species, which 
was introduced from Mexico apparently at an early date. Up to 
the year 1907, no collector had found this species in the Phil- 
ippines, and I had about concluded that it had become extinct 
in the Archipelago when a single fragmentary specimen was 
received from Mindanao. Blanco’s specimens were from Mainit, 
Bauang, Batangas Province, Luzon, and exploration of this 
locality in 1915 showed that the species is now very abundant 
in the place where Blanco observed it some time before the year 
1837. Thus Cynanchum viminale Blanco = Sarcostemma bruno- 
nianum W. & A. is still very abundant at Punta de Azufre, 
Batangas Province, Luzon, where Blanco observed it, but is 
known from but few other localities in the Philippines; and ( 
Adelia papillaris Blanco = Mallotus papillaris Merr., very in- 
adequately described by Blanco, can still be found in thickets in 
the neighborhood of Guadalupe, the type locality of the species. 
In other cases special species cannot now be found within © 
many miles of the localities mentioned by Blanco in his descrip- 
tions. In the more densely populated parts of the Philippines 
