CYPERACEAE 83 
in open very wet places or in shallow water. The tubers, known 
as apulid and cabezas de negrito (Sp.—Negrito’s heads) are 
sold in large quantities in the Manila markets in the months of 
October to December; see Merrill, E. D., An interpretation of 
Rumphius’s Herbarum Amboinense (1917) 104. 
Illustrative specimen from Obando, Bulacan Province, Luzon, 
October, 1914 (Merrill: Species Blancoanae No. 395 2 
‘Scirpus retroflexus Llanos Frag. Pl. Filip. (1851) 19; F.-Vill. & Naves in 
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 4* (1880) 13, non Poir.=ELEOCHARIS CA- 
RIBAEA (Rottb.) Blake in Rhodora 20 (1918) 24 (E. capitata Auct., 
non R, Br.). 
This reduction was made by Naves, which is certainly the 
correct disposition of the plant Llanos described and erroneously 
ascribed to Scirpus retroflexus Poir. as described by Sprengel 
Syst. 1: 205. Eleocharis capitata R. Br. is widely distributed 
in the Philippines at low altitudes. 
Illustrative specimen from Manila, Luzon, January, 1918 
(Merrill: Species Blancoanae No. 1063). 
FIMBRISTYLIS Vahl 
Scirpus niloticus Blanco Fl. Filip. (18387) 33; ed. 2 (1845) 23; ed. 3, 1 
(1877) 43, non Gmel.=FIMBRISTYLIS MILIACEA Vahl. 
This is one of the most abundant and widely distributed rice 
paddy weeds in the Philippines. 
Illustrative specimen.from Manila, Luzon, October, 1913 
(Merrill: Species Blancoanae No. 545). 
Scirpus falcatus Llanos Frag. Pl. Filip. (1851) 20; F.-Vill. & Naves in 
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 4* (1880) 13, non Vahl=FIMBRISTYLIS sp. 
Fernandez-Villar considered that Llanos correctly interpreted 
Vahl’s species and referred it to Fimbristylis falcata (Vahl) 
Kunth, a species that does not extend to the Philippines. From 
the very short and imperfect description given by Llanos it is 
suspected that the form he had before him was the common 
and widely distributed Fimbristylis diphylla Vahl. 
SCLERIA Bergius 
Scleria foveolata Llanos Frag. Pl. Filip. (1851) 103; Pr Vill. & Naves in 
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 4* (1880) 79, non Cav.=SCLERIA SCROB!- 
CULATA Nees. — 
This reduction follows that of Fernandez-Villar, and Llanos’s 
description applies to Scleria scrobiculata Nees, which is common 
and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium 
altitudes. While Llanos’s species is undoubtedly Scleria serobi- 
culata Nees, interpreting the species in a broad sense, I am not 
sure whether the illustrative specimens are really referable to S. _ 
