VERBENACEAE ; 335 
Volkameria Inermis Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 511, non Linn.=Volkameria 
a casopanguil Blanco op. cit. ed. 2 (1845) 356 (Bolkameria) (sp. nov.) ; 
ed. 3, 2 (1878) 294, t. 173—=CLERODENDRON INTERMEDIUM Cham. 
in Linnaea 7 (1832) 150. 
This species is common and widely distributed in the Philip- 
pines at low and medium altitudes and is commonly known to 
the Tagalogs as casopanguil. There is no doubt whatever as 
to the identity of Blanco’s Volkameria casopanguil, and further 
no doubt whatever as to its identity with Clerodendron <nter- 
medium Cham., the type of which was from Luzon, either the 
Province of Cavite or Batangas. 
Illustrative specimen from Los Bafios, Laguna Province, Lu- 
zon, June 25, 1914, comm. E. Quisumbing (Merrill: Species Blan- 
coanae No. 43). 
Ligustrum quadriloculare Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 10 (sp. nov.); ed. 2 
(1845) 7; ed. 8, 1 (1877) 14, t. 225=CLERODENDRON QUADRILO- 
CULARE (Blanco) Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 36 (1906) 63 
(Clerodendron blancoanum F.-Vill., C. navesianum Vid.). 
This species is widely distributed in Luzon and presents con- 
siderable variation. It is apparently closely allied to C. longi- 
florum Dene. of Timor. 
Illustrative specimen from Antipolo, Rizal Province, Luzon, 
January, 1914 (Merrill: Species Blancoanae No. 434). 
SYMPHOREMA Roxburgh 
Balibai Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 406=Litsea luzonica Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 
2 (1845) 284 (Litsaea) (sp. nov.); ed. 3, 2 (1878) 162=SYMPHO- 
REMA LUZONICUM (Blanco) F.-Vill. 
This species is common and widely distributed in Luzon at 
low altitudes and has received the following names at various 
times: Sczegleewia luconiensis Turez. (1862); Symphorema 
glabrum Hassk. (1865); S. luzoniensis Vid. (1885); and S. 
cumingianum Briq. (1894). Blanco’s specific name is much 
the older and should be retained. 
Illustrative specimen from Los Bafios, Laguna Province, Lu- 
zon, comm. F. C. Gates, March, 1914 (Merrill: Species Blan- 
coanae No. 467). 
AVICENNIA Linnaeus 
Avicennia nitida Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 504, non Jacq.=Avicennia 
tomentosa Jacq.; Blanco op. cit. ed. 2 (1845) 353; ed. 3, 2 (1878) 
289, t. 72 =AVICENNIA OFFICINALIS Linn. 
A characteristic tree found along the seashore throughout the 
Philippines. It is universally known as api-api. 
