and covered then by a thin soil. Living trees there are none. The 
most abundant plants are shrubs such ag Spiraea corymbosa, Rubus par- 
viflorus, Ceanothus sanguineus, Salix :couleriana, Acer Douglasii, 
— 
Holodiscus discolor, Mahonia repens, Betula papyrifera, Ceanothus 
velutinus, Ribes viscossissimum, Prunus emarginata, Lonicera utahensis, 
Populus trichocarpa, Vaccinium membranaceum, Sorbus sitchensis, Symouh- 
oricarpos albus, and Ribes lacustre. The degree to which any are rep- 
resented varies greatly with local conditions. Frequently Salix scouler- 
jana will dominate, frequently Spiraea corymbosa, sometimes Rubus par- 
viflorus or Ceanothus velutinus. Intermixed with them, but sparsely, 
are herbs. Chamaenerion angustifolium is often abundant, however, and 
is characteristic, especially in the moister places, sometimes avpear- 
ing within a few months after the burning. Other are Astragalus 
Mortoni, Heuchera glabella, Epilobium paniculatum, Sphaeralcea aceri- 
folia, Cirsium lanceolatum, C. foliosum, Achillea millefolium, Solidago 
elongata, Hieracium albiflorun, H. albertinum, Phacelia heterophylla, 
Smilacina sessilifolia, S. racemosa, Anaphalis margaritacea, Gnanhalium 
microcephalum, G. Macounii, Senecio pseudaureus, Lactuca spicata, Vicia 
americana, Xerophyllum tenax, Pteridium aquilinum, Pyrola secunda. In 
\ 
moist areas or in light burns more and more of the original herbaceous 
or shrubby vegetation is found. Scattered throughout the shrubby vege- 
tation and herbs is to be found the early coniferous reoroduction, reng- 
ing in height from a few inches to a foot or more. The most abundant 
and the largest, this having been a severe burn, is Pinus contorta, 
; pete ae Se es ee eee 2 As Py oe ace eee ee 
smaller and less abundant are Pinus monticola, Abies grandis, Pseudot- 
Corea neteronhyila ian ¢ ar} ' i 
48002 neteroovnyila 18 & common early entrant. 
22 3 
