“ * Kye 
@ ee cont Dougl. ———+> Lodgepole Pine. A gs “ hae 
_ tree, 5-6 me tall gx and 8-10 cm. in di mettteae eae 
. ee. 325; 
tall, D-BeH. 50-40 cm.,the trunk then slender with a slight taper, the 
branches pruned for about two-thirds its length, commonly spreading and more 
- or less horizontal, but curving strongly at the ends; branchlets light © ° & 
+ brown, becoming grey, scurfy, marked by the needle scars; young. bark dull aa. 
(a) eray, scurfy, mature bark dark gréy, rarely over 1e5 on. hick, scaly, uneven - 
and rough, the flakes 2-3 cm. in diameter, easily detached, the margins strongly 
. curved upwards, the basal bark dark, frequently deeply fissured, with cross: .* 
oe fissures forming small rectangular plates; crown, when unaffected by neigh- 
boring trees, ovate, dense, often extending to the ground, obtuse, foliage 4 
yellowish-green en masse, needles persistent 6-8 years, 2 in a bundle. 446 om | : 
long, stout and rather rigid, acute, the margins rough, the base of the 
fascicle tightly wrapped with scales, fragments of these more or less mere : 
| sistent, cross-section hemispherical; staminate cones red or yellow 7 
12-18 mn. long, cytindrical, borne on Spikes 2-10 cm. long throughout the 
crown; ovulate cones borne throughout the crown, about 1 cm. long in flower. 
very prickly, ovate or oblong-ovate at maturity, 4-5 cm. long, the upper- % 
most scales tuberculate, the boss pyramidal, armed with an acute. slender. 
prickle 2-5 mm. long, mturing in August or September of the setonmd year... 
but persistent for several or mapy years, often retaining their Seals for 
long periods, ovate to subglobose when expanded; seeds 3-4 um. long, blackish, 
the wing oblong, 10-12 mm. long, 3-4.5 m. wide. : 
Cotyledons 3-7, commonly 4, 1.5=-2 om, long, green, tapering, acute, 
q triangular in cross-section, their margins entire; first leaves more 4 
flattened and less acute than cotyledons, their margins finely 
serrulate. (P. contorta var. latifolia Engelm,). 7 
‘Ubiquitous at all elevations where competition is slight, frequently 
forming pure dense stands, especially in twice or severely burned areas, 
due to the short juvenile period which may be as low as 8 years, ‘With 
Larix occidentalis is an early entrant in most burns, apparently forming 
a nurse crop for Pinus monticola and Fseudotsusa mucwemmears” Rarely reproduces 
itself in situ in northern Idaho, but is gradually replaced by other conifers 
of the region except Taxus and Juniperus. Is tolerant of a very wide range 
of climatic and ecologic conditions, and may occasionally be found in 
sphagnum bogs associated with Betula pumila. 
7 
