pe See 
oo ade We, eee 
aes Py aT Me 
Chay es ain Ele hh RO i ad es 
1, thvjal. aArbor-VYitae- 
Nrees with scale-like overlappin:, leaves in opposite pairs, the 
pranchlets flattened and spraylike, arranged in one plane. Staminate and 
ovulate cones borne on the same trec, terminal and solitary, the former 
Pormed of several peltate syorophylls (scales) eacn bearing 2-4 globose 
anthers, the latter formed of 4 alternately arranged pairs of fertile 
sporopiylis (scales) each bearing ovules on the upper surface; fruit a more 
or less woody cone, the short branchlet on which it is borne being recurved 
and the cone erect, maturing the same season, the scales thin; seeds 
winged. Cotyledons 2, the primary leaves needle-like, in whorls. 
1. T. plicata Donn. Western Red Cedar. ——_7 A striking and mssive 
G)—tree as mach as 6G@a. tall, characterized by the conical trunk which 
decreases rapidly in diameter, the heavily buttressed and fluted base 
and the thin cinnamon-colored bark, {D.B.M. commonly 1 to @ Mm. or as mech 
as 4m. in old trees. Branchlets light brown, becoming grey after needles 
are shed, the young bark light gray, tinsed with red, silky-shining, 
appearing as though very tightly drawn, soon broken into grayish shreds, 
the interstices cinnamon, the shreds becoming thicker and thicker, seeming 
in mature bark to be laced loosely back and forth in several strata. 
Crown conical and acute in young trees, more blunt, even rounded in old 
trees, the leader drooping. Branches slender, curving upwards in youth, 
soon drooping, pruned to a height of 18-20 me in the mturing forest. 
Foliage yellowish-green en masse, leaves 2-3 mm. long, disposed in flat 
sprays, closely pressed to the pranchlet in alternate pairs, overlapping, 
proadly ovate, acuminate, tipped with a short mucro, those of the upper 
surface of the spray glossy, those beneath glaucous, the branchlets flattened 
dorsiventrally, the lateral pairs of leaves this being folded, giving a 
braided apnnearance to the spray, each with an obscure glandular depression 
in the middle which is translucent in young growth, those on the main branch- 
lets persistent for several years, increasing in size to 5-6 mm, those on 
the lateral branchlets shed with the branchlet in the second or third yeare 
Staminate cones minute, borne on the tips of pranchlets, glaucous; ovulate 
cones borne mostly in the upper half or the crown, at the apices of short 
lateral branchlets, recurved and erect, maturing in late August or early 
September, rarely in July, 10-12 ma. lone, green, becoming, brown, smooth, 
elliptical in outline before opening, scales commonly 4 pairs, obovate, 
each tipped with a trian-ular mucro, each pearing two seeds; seeds 4 me 
long, somewhat less than 1 mm. wide, the wings oblong, 5 mm. long, 1 mn. 
wide.e Seedlings 1-2 cu. tall, light creen, cotyledons <, 5-7 mn. long, 
flat, rounded at the apex, narrowed below the middle, first leaves in whorls 
of 3-4, 4-5 mm long, flat, acute with a hyaline mucro, soon reflexed, de- 
current, the spraylixe branchlets appearing during the first year. (Te 
gigantea Nuttall). : 
iene 
Abundant below 5000 feet especially on gentle northerly slopes or flats, 
reaching its greatest development in broad alluvial stream bottoms where it 
freauently forms small groves of individuals with D.B.H. © m. or more, in 
cure stand or associated with Zsuga heterorhylla. A common associate of 
white pine and the climax tree of the white pine type. 
