Rubiaceae. Madder Family. 
c Herbs with opposite or whorled leaves. Flowers perfect, regular. 
Calyx adnate to the ovary, its lobes present or wanting. Corolla 3-52 
lobed. Stemens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate with them, 
—_..__ their filaments adnate to the corolla. Ovary wholly inferior, 2=chambered. 
C In oursi Prait dry ,indehiscent 3, the two halves separating and falling away) + 
~~ maturity. Ps 4 
JP we we 
ea — 
J, Galiwm L. Bedstraw. Cleavers, 
Anmal or perennial herbs (ours mostly reclining on other plants) 
with strongly 4-angled stems and whorled leaves. Flowers small, white 
or greenish, in axillary cymes or panicles. Calyx=> =/ 
lobes wholly wanting. Corolla rotate, 3 or 4-parted, gtamens 3 or 4. 
Styles 2. wary wholly-iaf ox nambe Pommine ir 
he letzte B-F-7-*-*- ep ee e-% Ty 
O Ovaries and fruits wholly glabrous; corolla 3-lobed | Ge trifidum 
stnscmteitieenantit 
O Ovaries and fruits hispid or bristly; corolla 4-lobed 
Flowers solitary in the upper axils; erect anmals 
- 10-20 cm. tall bifolium 
ipo 
be 
2, Flowers 2-9 in axillary cymes which may be 
, panicled; stems 30-100 om. long, mostly prostrate 
: C \or reclining on other herbage 
4 Leaves in 4's, 3-veined; stems mostly erect 3. Ge boreale 
4 Leaves 5-8 in each whorl, l-veined; stems 
@ prostrate or clinging to other herbage 
6 Ovaries and fruits covered with minute, 
ie 4 curved thickish hairs, appressed, not 
\, Spreading Ge asperrimum 
\A 
2 Ovaries and fruits covered with spreading 
/O hairs .5-.7 mm. long, hooked at the tip 
§ Leaves prevailingly widest near the middle ; 
‘corolla greenish or sordid-white, the 
12. < tobes 1.5-2 mme long; prickles of 
fruit not pustulate at the base 3: G triflorum 
& Leaves prevailingly widest above the 
. middle; corolla pure white, the lobes 
ink 1-1.5 mm. long; prickles of fruits 
\ pustullate at the base © G. aparine 
