338 Prof. W. King's Notes on Permian Fossils, 



nearly twice the size of the English specimens that have occurred 

 to me : they show a very distinct area in the small valve, with a 

 well-marked deltidial fissure : the deltidium of the large valve is 

 also open. In my diagnosis, this species is described as " nearly 

 smooth ;" but two of the Possneck specimens, particularly one 

 of them, show the surface of the valves to have been crowded 

 with very fine short inclined spines : when these are removed, 

 the surface has very much the appearance of being perforated 

 like some fossil Terebratulas. 



Martinia Winchiana, King*. 

 Morris in his ' Catalogue of British Fossils,' 2nd ed., unites 

 this species with the last, a step that would seem to be warranted 

 by the spiniferous character just noticed. But the spines of the 

 present species appear to be much coarser, judging from the 

 very imperfect casts before me : further, the umbone of the large 

 valve appears to be more incurved, and the area not so well 

 defined. Schauroth figures a specimen from Possneck, which 

 he identifies with Martinia Winchiana, on account of its being 

 covered with spines ; but possibly it may be only a specimen of 

 the last species — a suggestion I would make with less doubt if 

 the figure did not show the umbone to be more incurved and the 

 area less defined than in M. Clannyana. 



Other Permian Palliobranchiata. 



Spirifer alatus, Schlotheim. — This species is considered by 

 many who have noticed it as being inseparable from the S. undu- 

 latus of Sowerby ; but T would urge on those who entertain this 

 view to study the young forms, particularly the specimens repre- 

 sented in my 'Monograph,' pi. 9. figs. 10 & 16, which I con- 

 sider respectively as representing the young of these two species. 



Spirifer multiplicatus, Sowerby, and S. Jonesianus, King. — 

 Morris, I perceive, unites these species : perhaps he has had an 

 opportunity of examining specimens which graduate them into 

 each other. Neither species has yet been observed in Ger- 

 many. 



Epithyris elongata, Schlotheim. — Specimens occasionally 

 occurring at Gliicksbrunn show this to have been a prettily 

 coloured species. Two specimens before me exhibit several dark 

 bands, inter-radiating with others of a lighter colour almost con- 

 tinuously from the umbone to the margin, and increasing in 

 width in their forward progress : in another the dark bands, 

 reduced to mere lines, are only developed near the margins. 

 In my ' Monograph ' it is stated, that " Specimens from the 

 carboniferous limestone of Bolland, often identified with Tere- 



* Monograph, p. 135. pi. 10. figs. 14-1/. 



