Mr. C. C. Babington on the British species 0/ Arctium. 371 



that the Linnsean name has a priority of many years over that 

 which Lamarck adopted from the ante-Linnsean Toiirnefort. 

 That this was the view taken at the time is shown by the remarks 

 of Villars (PI. des Dauph. iii. 27) when continuing to use the 

 name of Berardia, which he had given in his ' Prospectus ^ to the 

 A. lanuginosum of Lamarck. There does not seem to be any 

 reason for breaking the rule in this instance, for if it should be 

 said that Tournefort's genera are well defined and therefore 

 should not be rejected, then many more of his names ought to 

 have been adopted in preference to those given by Linnaeus. 



1. A. tomentosum (Pers.) ; heads suhcorymbose long-stalked sphe- 

 rical and closed in fruit much webbed (purplish), phyllaries 

 falling short of the florets subulate, inner row longest and 

 broad, inflated upper part of florets a little shorter than the 

 lower part. 



A. tomentosum, Pers, Syn. ii. 383 (1807) ; Schkuhr, Handb. iii. 29. 



t. 227. 

 A. Bardana, Willd. Sp. PL iii. 1632 (1800) ; Eng. Bat. t. 2478; 



Fries, Nov. Fl, Suec. ed. 2. 263. 

 A. Lappa l3, Linn. Fl. Suec. ed. 2. 278, teste Fries, I. c. 

 A. Lappa, Sven. Bot. t. 63 ; Fl. Ban. t. 642. 

 Lappa tomentosa, Lam. Bid. i. 377 (1783); All. Fl. Ped. i. 144 



(1785) ; Gray, Brit. PL ii. 434 ; Lindl. Syn. ed. 1. 154 ; BeCand. 



Prod. vi. 661 ; Koch, Syn. ed. 2. 463 ; Gren. et Godr. FL Fr/\\, 



281 ; Reichenb. Icon. Fl. Germ. xv. t. 811 ; Fl Ban. t. 2423. 

 Lappa major montana, capitulis tomentosis sive Arctium Dioscoridis, 



Raii Syn. ed. 3. 197. 4 ; Pet. Brit. PL t. 23. 6. 



Stem and petioles slightly mealy and floccose. Stem 3 to 5 

 feet high. Leaves cordate-ovate ; lowermost very large. Erect 

 central stem and usually most of the branches ending in irre- 

 gular corymbs of heads ; but sometimes many of the branches 

 have fewer heads with a racemose arrangement. Peduncles very 

 long, but rarely a few of the lower heads have only short stalks. 

 Heads large, usually covered with much cobweb-like hair ; occa- 

 sionally a plant with almost glabrous heads is found. Phyllaries 

 purplish-green or greenish-purple, each with a small strongly 

 hooked purplish-yellow rigid point ; inner row broad and mem- 

 branous even near to the end which is purple often quite blunt 

 truncate or emarginate with a straight rigid excurrent nerve or 

 rarely shortly subulate. Florets broadest just above the origin 

 of the free filaments at which point they suddenly enlarge from 

 a slender tube, become inflated and then narrow upwards, very 

 persistent with the ripening fruit when they close the small 

 space left between the ends of the converging phyllaries. Fruit 

 dark brown with blackish blotches, nearly smooth. 



24* 



