Dr. Bell Salter on three new species of Rubus. 305 



while on the inner one the entrance to the large cavity was closed 

 by an apparently stout membrane. 



In other specimens which I examined, sometimes neither of the 

 mammse were perforated ; at others one would be slightly open, 

 w^hile the opposite one was entirely closed. Whether the curious 

 conformation of these parts is the result of accident occurring at 

 the moment of the withdrawal of the leech from the young and 

 tender cocoon, or whether it arises from a vital action inherent in 

 this body and essential to the opening of this organ and the con- 

 sequent liberation of the young contained within it, it is difficult 

 to conjecture ; but I am inclined to believe in the latter idea, and 

 more especially so, as in by far the greater number that I have 

 examined no perforation existed, although, from Dr. Johnson^s 

 account of other species, this is evidently the point at which the 

 young effect their liberation. 



XLIII. — Description of three new species of Rubus. 

 By T. Bell Salter, M.D., F.L.S. 



1. Rubus tenuis. Caule procumbente, tereti, subglauco aculeis 

 sequalibus, foliis ternatis, rarius quinatis, supra subglabris, subtus 

 pubescentibus ; foliolis obovato-acuminatis, duplo serratis ; latera- 

 libus extrorsum lobatis ; panicula decomposita, rarius cymosa ; 

 calycibus pubescentibus, lanceolatis acuminatis, fructui adpressis ; 

 fructu parvo, nigro, drupeolis paucis, magnis composito. 

 Var. (j.ferox, aculeis crebris, uncinatis. 

 Syn. Rubus affinis ^. W. et N. Ruhi Germ. p. 3. tab. 3 b. Rubi csesii 



et R. corylifolii pars and. var. 

 Hab. in variis locis in Britannia australi. Var. ft. hab. ad *' Apes 

 Down " in Insula Vecte. 



The habit of this bramble comes so near to that of Rubus cae- 

 siuSf that there can be little doubt it may be often overlooked as 

 being the ordinary dewberry ; it is however readily distinguished 

 from that species by the absence of glands generally, and by the 

 absence of both glands and hairs from the growing shoot, and 

 also by the berry being black instead of blue as in the true R. 

 ccesius ; the calyx embraces it precisely as in that species, but the 

 sepals are rather more broadly lanceolate. The flavour of the 

 fruit differs considerably, that of R. tenuis, though acid like that 

 of R. ccesius, not having the peculiarly grateful lemon flavour of 

 that species. Rubus affinis (W. et N.) is described in the ' Rubi 

 Germanici ' as having the calyx reflexed, yet one of the varieties 

 is figured with the calyx embracing the fruit. As this is the 

 principal character which distinguishes the present species from 

 R. affinis, I can entertain no doubt that the variety [S.) there 

 figured is in fact the one now described as a distinct species. It 

 holds a near affinity both with R. ccesius and R, affinis, but having 



