162 Mr. H.J. Carter on the Form and Structure 



subject in 1835, while residing at Toulon (where he had ample 

 opportunities of testing the truth of D'Orbigny's imaginary 

 discovery), and after having carried on his researches most per- 

 severingly for some time, at length came to the conclusion, com- 

 municated to the Academic Royale des Sciences of Paris in the 

 month of June of the year mentioned, that the Foraminifera 

 were not Mollusca, nor did they belong to any of the established 

 classes. 



"In describing their organization, Dujardin stated that all 

 their chambers were occupied by a red or orange coloured animal 

 matter, highly contractile, and possessed of the consistence of 

 mucus j that this was susceptible of extending itself into threads 

 which were filled with irregular granulations, but without the 

 presence of any organs. On carefully observing these animals 

 in their living state, he had seen, with a high magnifying power, 

 in Miliola a soft mass projecting from its aperture (analogous to 

 the substance of the interior) which slowly underwent a change 

 of form, and from which a tuft of minute filaments radiated 

 from a common centre of attachment ; these filaments prolonged 

 themselves in ramifications to five times the diameter of the spe- 

 cimen [Miliola) from which they proceeded, and at length be- 

 came of such extreme tenuity, as to be followed only by changing 

 the direction of the rays of light. Further, he observed in these 

 filaments a movement of reptation, by which the animal advanced 

 from 5 to 6 millimetres per hour. The filaments appeared to be 

 composed of a primitive animal matter, which extended itself 

 forward in the manner of roots ; hence the name Rhizopoda which 

 Dujardin proposed for these animals. In Miliola and Gromia 

 these filaments came from their aperture ; in Crestellaria from 

 the last chamber, and in Vorticialia from different pores of the 

 disk. 



'^As to their manner of reproduction, Dujardin had noticed 

 during the previous year, that in Troncatulina, the animal mat- 

 ter was grouped together in certain cases in globular masses, as 

 the green matter of Zygnema. 



" Finally, in concluding his communication he states, ' "We see 

 that it is impossible to keep these animals among the microscopic 

 Cephalopoda : what rank shall be assigned to them ? ' * 



" The discovery then of the animal of Foraminifera appears to 

 be due to Dujardin. 



" In November 1835, he exhibited at Paris several living spe- 

 cimens of Vorticialia and his genus Gromia f, and during that 

 winter continued his researches into their organization with a 



* Acad. Roy. des Sc. seance Juin 22, 1835. 

 t Ibid, seance Nov. 15, 1835; 



