Meteorological Observations. 239 



6th. That their formation takes place by the aggregation of mole- 

 cules (Amici, Meyen). 



7th. That the eytoblasts, or embryonic vesicles, also contain a fluid 

 more or less granular (globulo-cellular cambium, — Mirbel). 



8th. That the pollen is always necessary for fertilization (apparent 

 exception given by Smith). 



9th. That the pollen, when applied to the stigma, sends out one 

 or more tubes (prolongations of the intine), which contain granular 

 matter (fo villa). 



10th. That in most cases the union of the pollen-tube with the 

 apex of the embryonic sac constitutes the very act of impregnation. 



1 1th. That the result of this union is the formation of an embryo. 



12th. That this formation takes place, either by the metamor- 

 phosis of one of the pre-existing germinal or embryonic vesicles 

 under the dynamic influence of the fovilla (acting catalytically ?) ; or, 

 as is more probable, by the union of the contents of the pollen-tube 

 with that of a germinal vesicle, similar to what occurs in the conju- 

 gation of Confervae. When two or more vesicles exist, as in Orchis y 

 one only becomes fertilized, the remainder abortive. — Proc, Edinb. 

 Phys. Sac. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR JULY 1852. 



Chiswick. — July 1. Fine: cloudy: slightly overcast. 2. Cloudy and fine. 3, 



4. Very fine. 5. Excessively hot : thermometer higher in the shade than it has 

 been for at least twenty-six years : lightning at night. 6. Very hot. 7. Cloud- 

 less : hot and dry. 8. Dry haze : sultry : clear at night. 9. Very hot. 10. Very 

 fine. 11. Hot and clear. 12. Sultry. 13. Fine : lightning, with distant thunder 

 at night. 14. Overcast : thunder: very hot : lightning, with rain at night. 15. 

 Cloudy and fine : clear. 16. Slight haze : very hot : excessively heavy and con- 

 stant rain at night. 17. Rain : cloudy and warm : clear at night. 18. Very fine : 

 heavy clouds : clear. 19. Very fine. 20. Overcast. 21. Light clouds : very fine : 

 clear. 22 — 24. Very fine. 25. Overcast : thunder : rain. 26. Cloudy and fine : 

 clear. 27. Slight haze : very fine. 28 — 30. Very fine. 31. Heavy dew : very 

 fine : cloudy. 



Mean temperature of the month 67°*37 



Mean temperature of July 1851 60*71 



Mean temperature of July for the last twenty-six years ... 63 '40 



Average amount of rain in July 2*37 inches. 



Boston. — July 1, 2. Fine. 3. Cloudy. 4. Fine: thermometer 84° at 5 p.m. 



5. Fine : therm. 91° at 2 p.m. 6. Fine : therm. 86° at 3 p.m. 7. Fine : therm. 81° 

 at 3 P.M. 8. Fine. 9. Fine : therm. 89° at 2 p.m. 10, 11. Fine. 12. Cloudy. 

 13. Fine. 14. Cloudy. 15. Cloudy: rain, with thunder and lightning early a.m. 

 16. Fine: rain, with thunder and lightning p.m.: therm. 86°. 17. Cloudy: 

 therm. 86° 3 p.m. 18. Fine. 19—22. Cloudy. 23. Fine. 24. Cloudy. 25. Fine : 

 rain P.M. 26. Cloudy : rain a.m. and p.m. 27, 28. Fine. 29. Cloudy. 30. Fine. 

 31. Cloudy. 



Sandwich Manse, Orkney. — July 1. Bright: cloudy. 2. Rain: cloudy. 3. 

 Bright : cloudy : fine. 4. Cloudy : clear : fine. 5. Bright : clear : cloudy : thunder 

 and lightning. 6. Rain : cloudy : fine. 7. Hazy : fine. 8. Bright : fine : fog. 

 9. Hazy: showers: thunder and lightning. 10. Bright: cloudy. 11. Bright: 

 clear: fine. 12. Bright: fine: cloudy: fine. 13, 14. Bright: fine : clear : fine. 

 15. Bright : fine : cloudy : fine. 16. Hazy : fine : clear : fine. 17. Cloudy : rain. 

 18. Bright : cloudy : clear : fine. 19. Hazy: cloudy: clear: fine. 20. Bright: 

 cloudy: rain: fine. 21. Rain: cloudy: fine. 22. Bright: hazy: fine. 23. 

 Bright : fine : cloudy : fine. 24. Drops : fine : cloudy : fine. 25, 26. Cloudy : 

 damp. 27. Damp. 28. Cloudy : fine : cloudy : damp. 29. Fog. 30. Rain : fog. 

 31. Damp : cloudy : damp. — This month has been remarkably fine and warm. 



Mean temperature of July for twenty-five previous years 54 '79 



Mean temperature of this month 61°-36 



Average quantity of rain in July for six years „ 2'71 inches. 



