Dr. Horsfield on the Helarcto!( EmyspiluSj 



tufts of short hairs are placed, near the base of the auricles above 

 and underneath, but along the border the hairs are very short 

 and of a lighter colour, in consequence of which, the ears appear, 

 as in the Malayan Bear, cropped by art. The meatus auditorius 

 externus is concealed by a tuft of short hairs. The gape of the 

 mouth is considerable, and the animal has the habit of opening 

 its jaws widely, as if yawning, and of thrusting out its tongue, 

 which next to the extreme size of the head, constitutes its most 

 distinguishing character. It is long, narrow, slender and very 

 extensile. The animal after expanding its jaws, as described, 

 projects it forward nearly one foot, and then curves it inwards in 

 a spiral manner. The tongue then appears nearly sniooth and 

 €ven from the middle to the point, but covered at the base with 

 numerous compressed papillce of a round or oblong form. The 

 teeth, as far as I have been able to ascertain from the subject, 

 agree generally with the character of Ursus, I have only to offer 

 the following remarks. The anterior or false grinders in the upper 

 jaw are minute and in close contact with the canine teeth; two 

 only were distinctly apparent; the third, between the two former, 

 which exists in the prepared skull described and figured by M. 

 Cuvier in his notices on the Malayan Bear, was not observed in 

 the examination which I had an opportunity of making, in the 

 living subject : the two posterior grinders are very large, tuber- 

 culated, and compressed. In the lower jaw the false grinders are 

 somewhat larger than above ; the posterior teeth are narrow, and 

 have a long strongly compressed crown. Of the front teeth, the 

 two exterior in the upper jaw are somewhat obliquely diverging, 

 the four intermediate teeth present nothing remarkable. In the 

 lower jaw the two exterior teeth are broad and notched, the two 

 next project at the base farther into the mouth than the inter- 

 mediate teeth; of these one only is remaining in the specimen 

 exhibited in the Tower. The canine teeth are robust and of 

 great length. 



In the neck, body, and extremities, our animal agrees, in gene- 

 ral, with the genus Ursus. It is perhaps somewhat shorter in its 

 proportions, somewhat more contracted (ramasse)^ and the great 

 proportional breadth of the head, extends also to the neck and 



