216 Dr. C. F. J. Lachmaiin on the Organization of Infusoria. 



Glaucoma) the anus is situated on the ventral surface near the 

 posterior extremity, or at the posterior extremity itself. Many 

 of these Infusoria possess in front of the mouth a peculiar appa- 

 ratus, consisting of bristles or a folded membrane; which of 

 these is the case, it is difficult to decide [Paramecium Chrysalis, 

 Ehrbg. = Pleuronema, Duj., Cyclidium, Ehrbg., Alyscum, Duj., 

 Perty's Aphthonice) ; in some the margins of the buccal orifice 

 appear to be produced into two valves, which are in constant 

 motion {Glaucoma, Cyclidium margaritaceum, Ehrbg. = Cineto- 

 chilum margaritaceum, Perty, the family of the CinetochilincB of 



The alimentary apparatus in many other Infusoria is just the 

 same as in these [Colpodea, &c.), except that a particular series 

 of cilia, distinguished from those covering the rest of the body 

 by their greater strength and length, leads to the mouth (as in 

 the Bursarice, Spirostomum, and the Stentorims) . These cilia 

 then form a curved line, usually open towards the right, or, as 

 in Spirostomum and the Stentorinee, a prolongation of a line of 

 this kind, namely a spiral turning towards the left (PI. IX. figs. 

 6-8 6,/). In the Bursaria and Spirostomum the anus is placed 

 at the posterior extremity of the body ; in the Stentorina (figs. 

 6-8 e)j on the back, close beneath the series of cilia*. 



that he may have overlooked an older name. This maxim appears to me to 

 be equally justifiable with that of preferring the specific names of Linnajus 

 to older ones in other departments of the animal and vegetable kingdoms, 

 as otherwise we must get into an inextricable confusion of names, different 

 authors frequently referring the older specific names to very different 

 species. 



* I have already characterized the new genus Chcetospira belonging to 

 the Stentorince. I am at present acquainted with two species of this 

 genus from the fresh waters near BerHn. One of these, C. Mulleri, Lachm. 

 (figs. 6 & 7), is slender; the first cilia (6) of the series of cilia are somewhat, 

 but not remarkably, longer and stronger than the rest : when rolled up, the 

 process bearing the series of cilia forms more than one turn of the spiral. 

 The animal inhabits flask-shaped horny sheaths, which Ihave hitherto found 

 only in the open cells of torn leaves of Lemna trisulca. The second spe- 

 cies, C. mucicola, Lachm., inhabits mucous tubes; it is shorter and more 

 compressed ; the rolled-up process does not form a complete turn of the 

 spiral ; the first cilia are considerably longer than the rest, the first one 

 especially being nearly twice as long as most of the others. Like ail the 

 StentorintB. both species are beset all over with fine cilia ; but 1 cannot 

 yet state with certainty whether C. Mulleri, like C. mucicola and Stentor 

 polymorphus, possesses longer hairs between the ciha. It is possible that 

 the free-swimming Stichotricha secunda of Perty, which he arranges with 

 the OxytrichincB, is allied to my Chcetospirce ; his figure, however, is very 

 inexact, and might perhaps represent a Loxodes or Amphileptus fasciola ; 

 and as he does not describe the position of the anus, which he never figures, 

 any more than the contractile vesicle and the nucleus, I do not venture to 

 place his Stichotricha with the Stentorinee. If it should turn out that it 

 belongs to that family, it must be placed beside the analogous sheath- 

 inhabiting ChcetospirOy as a genus not inhabiting a sheath. 



