Miscellaneous. 77 



except in size, with the spermatozoa of man." This observation was 

 made about the end of August, and although this was the only time 

 that M. Brulle actually saw the emission of the Cercariform young, 

 he noticed that at that period all the Ligulce which he placed in 

 water were soon accompanied by a similar progeny. After the middle 

 of September the young were always found in company with their 

 parents in the abdominal cavity of the Bleak*. — Comptes Rendus, 

 October 23, 1854, p. 773. 



Description of the Animal o/Cyclina sinensis. By Dr. John 

 Edward Gray, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S. 



The description of this animal was written some ten or twelve 

 years ago, from a specimen kindly given to me by Mr. John Reeves, 

 to whom we are indebted for the knowledge of the greater part of 

 the animals of China and Japan now known to zoologists. 



The animal in most particulars agrees with that of the genus Do- 

 sinia, next to which I proposed to place it, in my paper on the 

 arrangement of the genera of Veneridce, published in the ' Annals 

 and Magazine of Natural History' for January 1853. 



M. Deshayes regards Fetius Chinensis as the type of the genus 

 Cyclina, In his late monograph he has united to this genus the 

 Lucinopsis of Messrs. Forbes and Hanley ; but the description of 

 the animal here given will show that Lucinopsis is a very distinct 

 genus, for it has separate siphons, whilst the type of the genus has 

 the siphons united as in the other Dosiniana. It differs from Do- 

 sinia in the absence of the anterior lateral tooth. 



Cyclina sinensis. 



Mantle lobes free the whole length of the lower margin, the lobes 

 then with a series of radiating muscular bands, a little within the 

 edge ; united together behind and extended into a compressed, rather 

 slender, elongated siphon, grooved along the centre of each side and 

 ending with two apertures ; the retractor muscles of the siphons an- 

 gular ; the foot (in spirits) rhombic, very much compressed, inferior, 

 subcentral, the lower angle rather produced in front ; the lips equal, 

 very long, slender, triangular, more than half the length of the foot ; 

 the gills large, oblong, elongate, equal. 



The crenated margins of the valves of the shell are covered with 

 the infiexed edge of the hard periostraca ; the siphonal inflection is 

 angular.— Pror. Zool. Soc. Feb. 8, 1853. 



* M. Brulle considers that in the present state of the question, we must 

 suppose that the LigulcB present " two modes of reproduetion, one vivipa- 

 rous, during what has been regarded as their larva state ; the other, ovi- 

 parous, when they have arrived at their perfect state." From his obser- 

 vations it appears rather that the form of Ldgula inhabiting the fish is very 

 analogous to the well-known germ-sacs of many of the Trematode worms, 

 so that it is probably one of a series of phases of development such as we 

 find in the so-called alternation of generations. — Ed. Annals. 



