Buckland^s Formatioji of the Valley ofKingsclere, 261 



join two sections of its beds, for the purpose of augmenting 

 our illustrations of stratification. 



125 



The above (Jig. 125.) represents a common form in the dis- 

 position of the layers. In these cases, the horizontal divisions 

 appear to indicate a succession of eras, or periods of deposit; 

 the intermediate beds are frequently arranged in oblique planes. 

 The site is near Orford, Suffolk, where the crag forms a'^ coarse 

 sandstone, containing several fossil sponges, and is used as a 

 soft building material. The following sketch (126.) is from the 

 ferruginous shelly crag of the caverns near Languard Cottage. 



126 



Having, by the foregoing series of illustrations, prepared 

 the way for a better consideration oT the Weald, we shall in- 

 troduce the reader to this district, in the words of Mr. Martin. 

 {GeoL Mem., p. 9.) These will be rendered more intelligible 

 by the annexed plan (^g. 127.) which has been reduced from 

 the Geological Society's map, in preference to the less accu- 

 rate one which accompanies the Memoir. 



" It must be well known to every traveller who has crossed 

 this valley, that, upon descending from the chalk hills in any 

 part of its western extremity, he enters upon a tract of sandy 

 country, occasionally rising into considerable eminences, and 

 of very varied agricultural aspect. From thence he descends 

 still farther into extensive, woody, and cultivated districts of 

 clay soil, and of exceedingly undulating surface. Traversing 

 this clay country, locally called, and by notoriety, the proper 

 * Weald,' he emerges again across the same sand to reach a 

 range of chalk hills, similar to those he left behind him. In 

 the eastern part of the valley, the same series is observed, with 



