BucJclaniTs Formation of the Valley of Kingsclei-e. 265 



particularly in the escarpments of the chalk, " and in several 

 instances are directly opposed to each other ; which could not 

 have happened without a simultaneous action and common 

 consent and continuity of parts. The coincidence is therefore 

 the more remarkable, and proves not only the continuity of 

 the chalk strata at the moment of convulsion, but also their 

 uniform density and strength." (^Martin, p. 61.) 



The annexed profile sketch {fg, 130.), although inadequate 

 to exhibit the entire characters of a particular case, either of 

 denudation or of valleys by elevation, will, it is hoped, assist 

 in following the descriptions and reasonings we quote. The 

 courses of the rivers which discharge through the transverse 

 ravines are denoted by arrows. 



r 



YalUtj of EUvalton 



From the two preceding sections it will be perceived that 

 the outcrops of nearly the whole series of strata in the Weald 

 are cut through, both to the north and south. These fissures, 

 in some cases, have resulted from subsidence; in others from 

 a compound displacement of the mass. In no instance are 

 these varied disturbances more strikingly exemplified than in 

 the passage of the river Arun through this district. It is im- 

 portant to mention that the strata intersected by these open- 

 ings have, in several instances, been observed to be lower on 

 the eastern than on the western sides, and that there exists a 

 general longitudinal depression of the whole, from the west 

 towards the east, independently of the dip to the north and 

 south, which our sections show. Hence it is suggested that 

 the force which elevated the Weald strata operated in an oblique 

 direction to their planes. 



From all we can collect, the author conceives that the denu- 

 dation of the Weald was simultaneous with the depression of 

 the London and Isle of Wight basins. " The acts of basining 

 and of denudation were contemporaneous, and stand in the 

 relation of cause and consequences." 



" That the Weald vacuity would have been a lake, but for 

 these gullies, is sufficiently evident ; but that it has ever been 

 so is by no means probable, from any thing that can be ob^ 

 served at present. The hypothesis which supposes it to have 

 been a lake subsequently to the great catastrophe which hol- 

 lowed it out, also supposes these outlets to have been the oper- 



VoL. I. — No. 3. T 



