Thomas Nomenclature of Measurements. 193 



The different points are: 



Anteriorly : 1 . THE GNATHION, the most anterior point of the 



premaxillie, on or near the middle line. 

 2. THE HENSELION, the back of the alveolus of 



either of the median incisors, the point used 



and defined hy Prof. Hensel in his cranio- 



logical work. 

 Posteriorly: 3. THE BASION, a point in the middle line of the 



hinder edge of the basioccipital margin of 



the foramen magnum. 

 4. THE CONDYLION, the most posterior point of 



the articular surface of either condyle. 



A fifth measuring point to be referred to below is the PALA- 

 TION, the most anterior point of the hinder edge of the bony 

 palate, whether in the middle line or on either side of a median 

 spine. 



Now using these words for the purposes of definition, I would 

 propose, as shown in the diagram, the following names for the 

 four measurements that may be taken between the points above 

 defined : 



1. BASAL LENGTH, the distance from Basion to Gnathion. 



2. BASILAR LENGTH, the distance from Basion to Henselion. 



3. CONDYLO-BASAL LENGTH, the distance from Condylion to 



Gnathion. 



4. CONDYLO-BASILAR LENGTH, the distance from Condylion to 



Henselion . 

 In addition there may be : 



5. GREATEST LENGTH, to be taken not further divergent from 



the middle line than either condylion. A long diagonal 

 to a projecting bulla or paroccipital process would thus 

 be barred . If however the words ' ' between uprights ' ' 

 be added the. measurement would be between two ver 

 tical planes pressed respectively against the anterior 

 and posterior ends of the skull at right angles to its 

 middle line. 



6. UPPER LENGTH, from tip of nasals to hinder edge of occipi 



tal ridge in middle line. 



The difference between the words basal and basilar, which at 

 first seemed trivial and indistinctive, is founded on the use of 



