112 Mr. A. Adams on the Animals of certain Mollusca. 



large and fleshy, is produced behind, and tapering. In outline 

 it is ovate ; and there are no papillae or cirrhi on the sides. In 

 progression, the form of the foot varies considerably, sometimes 

 being greatly dilated at the sides, and at others extended in 

 front and contracted and pointed behind. 



Genus Tugalia, Gray. 



The head in this genus, as in other Fissurellidce, is rostriform 

 and annulated ; the tentacles are long and subulate ; and the 

 eyes, black and prominent, are placed on their outer bases. The 

 mantle is double-edged ; the upper edge is reflected over and 

 covers a considerable portion of the margin of the shell; the 

 lower edge forms a deep plicate curtain, simple on its free de- 

 pendent edge. Over the head this free simple margin forms a 

 fold, which is received into the emargination at the fore part of 

 the shell. Under this curtain, on the side of the foot, is a row 

 of tubercles. The foot is strong, of moderate size, ovate, and 

 rather produced behind, and is margined along the lower edge. 



The species I have observed is, perhaps, Tugalia parmopho- 

 roides or Emarginula parmophoroides of Quoy. 



From the description it will be seen that the animal most nearly 

 approaches that of Scutus ; but the shell is more exposed, and 

 the tentacular filaments on the side, seen in Scutus, are reduced 

 in this genus to tubercles. In RiippelPs figure of T. elegans, 

 Gray (or P. australis, Rupp., not Quoy), the mantle is shown 

 covering much more of the shell than in my Japanese species. 

 There is an Emarginula figured by Savigny which is very similar 

 to my Tugalia ; but the fissure shown in the shell proves it to be 

 a true Emarginula. 



Genus Tomichia, Benson. 



I have discovered two species of Tomichia in the Japan islands. 

 In both these the animal is generically the same. 



The rostrum is flattened, bilobed and dilated at the end, and 

 conspicuously annulated on its upper surface. The tentacles are 

 very short, flattened, and triangular. The eyes are large, black, 

 and sessile on the upper surface and outer side of the bases of 

 the tentacles, and are surrounded by a light-coloured areola. 

 The foot is large, rounded in front and behind, and is divided a 

 little before the middle by a transverse groove. 



In crawling, the animal progresses, like Pedipes, by alternately 

 advancing the fore part of the foot and bringing up the hind 

 part; the muzzle is also used as an aid to progression, just as it 

 is in Truncatella, which genus Tomichia seems most to resemble; 

 in fact, judging from an allusion to the animal, I should ima- 



