Prof. Allraan on Carduella cyathiformis. 41 



infra alvum. Tentaculorum fasciculi inter angulos disci positi, 

 vix separati." 



The genus includes a single species, viz. — 



" D. cyathiforme (Sars). Semipollicare. Brunneum." 



Now it is manifest that this definition will not at all apply to 

 the Carduella cyathiformis of my paper in the 'Microscopical 

 Journal/ nor to the Lucernaria cyathiformis of Sars, with which 

 I consider Carduella cyathiformis to be identical. 



The species on which Mr. Gosse founded his genus Depastrum 

 is indeed an entirely different animal. It differs from Carduella, 

 as Mr. Gosse now admits, in its octangular instead of circular 

 disk ; in the unequal length of the tentacles, and their clavate, 

 rather than capitate, form ; in the fasciculate grouping of the 

 tentacles, and their arrangement in two or three rows, one within 

 the other, instead of their disposal in a single circle ; in their 

 origin from the margin, instead of the surface, of the disk ; as 

 well as in other particulars of less importance. 



It is plain, then, that, in Mr. Gosse's " Synopsis," the Lucer- 

 naria cyathiformis of Sars remains unaffected, though it is there 

 cited as a synonym of Depastrum cyathiforme. 



But another question here arises : may a generic diagnosis 

 be so framed as to embrace within it the two species ? Mr. 

 Gosse is of opinion that it may, and he now proposes a gene- 

 ralization of his original diagnosis of Depastrum, so as, by the 

 omission of certain characters, to enable it to embrace the genus 

 Carduella, which he would accordingly suppress. The following 

 is his amended diagnosis : — 



" Corpus repente contractum, et supra et infra alvum." 



Upon this point, however, I must entirely differ from Mr. 

 Gosse ; for, in thus amending his original diagnosis, the charac- 

 ters he omits, as of only specific value, are assuredly of a higher 

 order than those which he retains as generic. Indeed, the genus 

 Depastrum, as thus defined, would differ from Lucernaria far 

 less than from Carduella. 



Mr. Gosse reminds us that M. Milne-Edwards, in the third 

 vol. of his ' Histoire Naturelle des Coralliaires/ just published 

 (1860), gives the generic name of Calicinaria to the Lucernaria 

 cyathiformis of Sars. I must nevertheless claim priority for 

 Carduella, the genus having been so named by me at the Aber- 

 deen meeting of the British Association in September 1859. 

 (See Reports of the British Association for that year.) 



I am therefore not prepared to abandon the name of Cardu- 

 ella, or to cancel the diagnosis I have proposed for the genus. 

 Depastrum, as defined in Mr. Gosse's " Synopsis," is also un- 



