Zoological Society. 301 



Cervus ,Lepus , Arvicola, Mus, Ursus spelaus, U.priscustyfFelis spelcea, 

 Hyaena spelcea, Canis lupus, C. vulpes, Meles taocus, and Mustela. 

 Coprolites of Hycena, gnawed bones of Bos, Equus, and Cervus, and 

 a great abundance of the detached molars of Horse, gave the cave the 

 undoubted character of having been a Hyaena's den. In the super- 

 ficial sand on the stalagmite, the antlers of a Reindeer and some 

 human bones were found. 



General remarks on the distribution of the Mammalian remains in 

 the different caverns were offered, and the special anomalies pointed 

 out ; and, after a comparative review of the fauna of the Gower 

 bone-caves in relation to that of other cave- districts of England 

 in particular, and of Europe in general, the author arrived at the 

 following conclusions as being consistent with the existing state 

 of our knowledge : — 



1 . That the Gower Caves have probably been filled up with their 

 mammalian remains since the deposition of the Boulder-clay. 



2. That there are no mammalian remains found elsewhere in the 

 ossiferous caves in England and Wales referable to a fauna of a 

 more ancient geological date. 



3. That Elephas (Loxodon) meridionalis and Rhinoceros Etruscus, 

 which occur in, and are characteristic of, the u Submarine forest 

 Bed " that immediately underlies the Boulder-clay on the Norfolk 

 coast, have nowhere been met with in the British caverns. 



4. That Elephas antiquus with Rhinoceros hemitcechus, and E. pri- 

 migenius with Rh. tichorhinus, though respectively characterizing 

 the earlier and later portions of one period, were probably contem- 

 porary animals; and that they certainly were companions of the 

 Cave-Bears, Cave-Lions, Cave-Hysenas, &c, and of some at least of 

 the existing mammalia. 



ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



June 12, I860.— Dr. Gray, F.R.S., V.P., in the Chair. 



Descriptions of twenty-two New Species of Humming- 

 birds. By John Gould, F.R.S., etc. 



As my work on the Trochilidce is now fast drawing to a close, I have 

 examined with care and minute detail my entire collection of this 

 great and important family of birds, and I find therein more than twenty 

 species, which, I believe, have not yet received specific appellations. 

 Many of these I have had by me for years, while others have been 

 more recently acquired. Of the specific value of those described in the 

 following pages I am perfectly satisfied ; but in case any doubt should 

 be entertained on the subject, my collection is, and will be, at all times 

 accessible for their elucidation. 



Grypus Spixi, Gould. 



Crown of the head bronzy-brown ; upper surface and all the tail- 

 feathers very rich reddish-bronze ; wings reddish purple-brown ; line 

 above the eye buff ; ear-coverts dark- brown ; throat, chest and under 

 surface deep reddish-buff; under tail-coverts bronzy, each slightly 



