of certain l3irds of Cuba. 29 



also the most remarkable instances of the upper and under man- 

 dibles touching each other merely at their base and point ; as 

 Myrmecophaga, or the whole of the ra. f^sv 6v» af/,(poiovTa of Ari- 

 stotle, and Anastomus* lUig. Both orders exhibit ornamental 

 appendages to the head, — as the antlers of the Stag and the crown 

 of the Crane ; and both afford us the only instances of true horns, 

 — as Bos or Rhinoceros, and Palamedea L. To see a hundred 

 such instances of resemblance it is only necessary to walk into a 

 museum. I shall therefore only further say, that both orders 

 contain polygamous animals, are generally gregarious, and more 

 graminivorous than granivorous, being essentially inhabitants 

 of marshes and savannahs. Thus then, with Linnaeus, I place 

 the Bruta, or rather the whole order of Ungulata to which they 

 belong, opposite to the Grallatores. 



Four orders in each class being now disposed of, it follows by 

 parallelism of analogy, that the Glires ought to be placed oppo- 

 site to the Rasores. But setting theory wholly aside, — is this 

 position true in fact+ ? 



Linnaeus, from the above-mentioned error in his series of 

 affinity, considered the Rasores to be analogous to his group of 

 Pecora. But this group, according to Aristotle and Ray, is 

 only a subdivision of Ungulata, which have, I consider, been 

 now proved to be analogous to the Grallatores. If, therefore, 

 Linnaeus be right in making his Bruta analogous to the order of 

 Wading Birds, it follows that his Pecora must be so also. 



* The genus Aramus, which I have killed in this island, also presents the peculiarity 

 of the mandibles not meeting towards the middle of the beak. 



+ The ancient name of Struthio Camelus, as well as the form and habits of the 

 Ostrich, show indeed a relation of analogy to the Camel ; but then wc are to recollect, 

 in the first place, that the Ostrich is at the osculant point or confines of the orders of 

 Grallcz and Rasores ; and secondly, that such slight variations of the parallelism of 

 analogy often appear, although, as has been said, Hora Entom. p. 403, I think it pos- 

 sible that even these are subject to rule. 



The 



