Cale7idar of Nature. 7t 



Ten Days in the Months of October and November; the Depth of Rain 

 in the Phiviometer, and the Quantity of Moisture evaporated in the 

 Evaporating Gauge, for the same Period : as extracted from the Register 

 kept at Annat Gardens, Perthshire, N. lat. 56° 23 i^; above the Level of 

 the Sea 172ft., and 15 miles from the Coast; being the Mean of daily 

 Observations at 10 o'Clock Morning and 10 ©'Clock Evening. 

 The double lines, marked 6, show the motion of the mercury in the baro- 

 meter; t^ mean temperature in the open air, and in the shade; dy dew- 

 point; mm. t. mean of minimum temperature in the open air at night. 



The coldest day in October was the 18th : mean temperature of that 

 day 41°; extreme' cold 34°; wind westerly. The warmest day in that 

 month was the 20th : mean temperature of that day 55° ; extreme heat 

 04°; wind south-west. The fall of rain, as it will be seen by the diagram, 

 did not exceed a half inch, and that fell' in gentle showers on the 2d, 7th, 

 20th, and 21st. There were 11 daj'S of brilliant siinshiAe, 8 partial, and 

 11 days were cloudy. The wind blew from easterly points only bn 2 days, 

 and from northerly and westerly points on 29 days. There were loud 

 gales of wind on the 4th and 7th ; on the 4th it blew from the west, and 

 on the 7th it blew from the e^st in tine fdrenoofi, and from the west in the 

 afternoon. Light breezes were frequent throughout the month. 



The coldest day in November was thte 24th : mean temperature of that 

 day 37°; extreme cold 30°; wind north-.west. The warmest day in that 

 month was the 1st : mean temperature of that day 5.3°; extreme heat 60°; 

 wind west, and rather loud. More or less rain fell on 15 days, amounting 

 to 34 in. There were 8 days of brilliant, and 5 of partial sunshine. The 

 wind blew from the east on 8 days; from westerly points on 20 days; and 

 2 days it was variable. The aurora borealis v/as exceedingly brilliant on 

 the evening of the 1st; there were thunder and lightning, with rain, on the 

 4th ; and on the morning of the 5th the loftiest of the Grampian Hills 

 were covered with a mantle of snow. Lightning, in vivid flashes, was 

 observed on the evening of the 8th, unaccompanied by thunder. Light 

 breezes of wind were frequent in the early part of the month. On the 20th 

 it blew a hurricane. The meaii temperature of October was 48 8°, and of 

 November 43-2°; which in both months is very near the ordinary mean. 



From the very damp state of the soil, occasioned by the rains in August 

 and September, little Wheat was sown before the ,20th of October ; it 

 gave a braird on the 8th November, a period of 19 days: mean temperature 

 of that period 47-5°. Fieldfares were not seen ip the t!arse ofiGowrie till 

 the 31st, five days later than last year. The excessive quantity of moisture 

 in the soil protracted the ripening of the field crops to a much later period 

 than usual ; and the effects of diminished temperature were conspicuous on 

 the rising grounds, which form the northern boundary of the Carse. Oats 

 in the low Carse were ripe about the 20th of September; about 100 ft. 

 above that level on the 25th; at 200 ft. on the 1st of October; and on 

 the summit of the higher grounds, about 550 ft., the same variety of oats^ 

 and sown 4 days eai'lier thah those reaped on the 25th of September, were 

 only cut on the 26th of October. . Such is the effect of altitude in retarding 

 the ripening process in late seasbns, under the same parallel of latitude. 

 Although the dry weather in October facihtated the ripeningof young wood 

 on deciduous trees, yet the leaves retained their hold till late in November. 

 The ash, elm, and beech, and sufh as spread their roots near, the surface, 

 were completely denuded of their foliage by the slight frosts on the evenings 

 of the 19th and 24th. The oak, the apple, and the plum still retain a part 

 of their covering. The georginas continued to blow till the 19th, and some 

 early varieties of Indian chrysanthemum begin to open their blossoms in 

 the open border, where they have stood several years. 



The yl'rbutus <7^nedo was not in full blow this season till the middle of 

 November. The blossoms now begin to fall, and the fruit appears to set 

 freely. — A. G. Annat Gardens ^ December 1. 1830. 



