^ Natural History in the English Counties. 



branch of Natural History to his pupils ; and that he walks out with them 

 on the common and elsewhere, collecting plants and insects, sketching from 

 nature, and discoursing upon the various ohjects connected with these use- 

 ful and interesting pursuits, in the hope of inspiring their young minds with 

 a taste for the beauties of nature and natural history. We approve exceed- 

 ingly of this plan, ^nd should be glad to see it generally adopted in schools, 

 as nothing can conduce more both to the happiness and well doing of young 

 men than having a taste early inculcated for innocent pleasures. The pur- 

 suit of natural history gives an interest to country walks, which they would 

 not otherwise possess ; and this contributes to improve the health as well 

 as to enlarge the mind. In a pamphlet published by the Conductor at 

 Paris, in 1829, on establishments fgr public educjition in some parts of the 

 Continent, a school for girls (Tochter schule) is mentioned at Carlsridie, 

 conducted upon nearly the same plan. Besides the usual branches of 

 female education, these pupils are tai^ht ^U the details of natural history ; 

 and in bolapy,. especially, they " are made to f^tudy t^e. plants froni Hving 

 specimens, m the fields and gardens during summer, and from dried speci- 

 mens in the winter ; . and^ ai;-e not only , taught the names find di^tin,ctive 

 marks of eiagh plant^ l^oth exotic and indigenous, but also its use in medi- 

 cine, and in the arts ^ and manufactures of Europe, , In ,the study of 

 zoology, the same plau is pursued with regard to the use? of the different 

 animals." 0$QQ Des Iti'ahrmemens jwur V Education' puhUque en Bavierey 

 dans le Wukembcra,\ ctdanste'Fay^sde Bade. Paris,,. 1829, cJiez^Mpsnier.) 



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Two large- Oa^IVec'* were raisedTrom the bed of the river Trent a few 

 weeks agoya.sketclx of one of which ^(j%. 10.) I have subjoined. These 

 .trees are perfectly sound, except the sap^ which is de- 

 ' scayed in some parts. The gravel is fixed to the trunk 

 where it was embedded as firmly as if it had been ce- 

 mented on. There are large patches of a light fawn- 

 fdloured fungus attached. These trees are only met 

 Vi'ith in the beds of gravel, which, I believe, extend, with 

 a few intervening beds of clay, from Nottingham to 

 Sutton' upon > Trent meadows. The trees^ are thinly 

 scattered throughout the whole distance, and the greatest 

 number are found between Sutton and Muskham. The 

 gravel rests on a bed of very stiff dark-coloured clay» 

 occasionally rising above the gravel. The trees appear 

 similar to those occasionally found on bogs, and seem to 

 have been torn up with gi-eat violence. I have sent two 

 specimens for your itispection, as I cannot enlarge on 

 the subject, being only a tyro in study. ' >'■ 



The smaller tree is straight and handsome^ 33 ft. long,, without any 

 branch of importance, and girths 9 ft. The larger tree (^5-. 10.) girths at 

 a 15 ft. ; from the root to b is 23 ft. ; from the root to c is 49 ft. ; and from 

 the insertion of the lance, by which it was pulled up at d, to the line e, was 

 covered with gravel, and 20 ft. were under water. — A. G. G. Newark 

 upon Trent, Oct. 17. 1829. 



Appearance of Birds of Ptissage, extracted from my Journal. — 18.30. 

 April 1. Swallows observed near Chiiwell, flying about the river Trent. 

 6. Saw the -Regulus non-cristatus, or willow wren. 10. Swallows again 

 appeared^ not having seen them since the heavy snow which fell here on the 



