in England fo7' 1 830. 171 



bloomed, chickweed (^Isine media), marsh marigold (Caltha palustris), 

 green hellebore (//elleborus vlridis). 2d week: heart' s-ease ( Fiola tricolor), 

 stinking bear's-foot (^elleborus foe'tidus), dwarf mouse-ear (Cerastii 

 species), coltsfoot (Tussilago i^arfara). 3d week: sloe tree (Prunus 

 spinosa), primrose (Primula veris), violets ( Tiola odorata), spurge laurel 

 (Daphne Laureola). 4th week : red currant in \e2S{Ribes rubrum), barren 

 strawberry (Potentilla Fragaria), cotton conferva {C. bulldsa), golden saxi- 

 frage (Chrysosplenium oppositifolium). — Animals. Bees were very busy 

 after the first week; frogs croaked on the 12th; a blackbird's nest found 

 on the 14th, with three eggs in it; the nuthatch (iS'itta europae^a) arrived 

 on the 24th ; the wheat-eai-( Sylvia (^nanthe), very scarce through this year, 

 on the 26th. Field larks (^'nthus trivialis) were warbling on the 27th ; 

 and on this day a robin's nest was found, with four young birds in it 

 three or four days old. Ants were in motion, and bats were flitting about, 

 on the 28th. — Scale of general winds. N. 6 days; N.W. 7; W. 4; 

 S.W. 2; S. 0; S.E. 3; E. 4; N.E. 5; total 31 days. Rain on the 1st, 

 7th, 8th, 10th, and 31st. — The atmospheric and meteoric phenomena 

 noticed this month were, one solar and two lunar haloes ; one meteor and 

 five gales of wind : three from the N.W. j one from the W. ; and one from 

 the N.E. 



April commenced with extremely cold N.E. winds and rain. Sharp 

 frosts on the 4th, 5th, and 6th, which gave a great check to vegetation. 

 On the 6th the ice in ponds was upwards of 3 in. thick. Snow fell the 

 whole of the 3d, and till noon of the 4th, almost without intermission. 

 On the 10th the weather became fine and showery. — Plants. In the first 

 week bloomed, least periwinkle ( Tinea minor), daiFodil (jVarcissus Pseudo- 

 narcissus), checkered fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris), tuberous moschatel 

 (AdoxaMoschatellina), which is rare here. 2d week : apricots and peaches, 

 S3'camore(^^cer Pseudo-platanus), and larch (Larix europae'a). 3d week: 

 lady's-smock (Cardamine pratensis), wood anemone (Anemone nemorosa), 

 early spotted orchis (O'rchis mascula), ash (jPraxinus excelsior), sedge 

 (C'arex prae'^cox), 4th week: horse-chestnut (^^sculus Hippocastanura), 

 stitch wort (Stellaria ^olostea), clammy mouse-ear (Cerastium viscosum), 

 wood sorrel (O'xalis Acetosella). — Birds. Swallows first seen on the 8th, 

 but retired again till the 14th; white-throat (ikZbtacilla Sylvia), 10th; 

 -cuckoo ( fuculus can6rus),on the 19th ; swift (Cjpselus J^pus), on the 27th ; 

 redstart (Motacilla Phoenicurus), 29th; same day, corncrake (Ortygo*- 

 metra Crex, Rallus Crex Linn.) — Scale of prevailing winds : N. 7 days ; 

 N.E. 3 ; E. 2 ; S. 3 ; S.W. 4 ; W. 3 ; N.W. 4 ; total 30 days. — The atmo- 

 spheric and meteoric phenomena noticed this month were, three solar and 

 two lunar haloes, two paraselenes, three rainbows, one meteor, one aurora 

 borealis on the 19th, with several reddish coruscations, and seven gales of 

 wind, viz. two from the N., one from the N.E., two from the S. one from 

 the W., and one from the N.W. Thunder and lightning on the 8th, 10th, 

 and 19th. 



May came in very fine, but after the 2d there were several hoar frosts 

 with strong westerly winds, which made the tender shoots of vegetables to 

 droop ; from the 8th till the 14th much rain and cold winds from the N. 

 and N.E. Great blights appeared in many places, and gooseberries and 

 currants fell very copiously from the trees, except in very sheltered situ- 

 ations. Plants. In the first week bloomed the lilac {Syringa vulgaris), 

 broom ((Spartium A-coparium); germander speedwell ( Veronica ChamaeMrys), 

 and also V. agrestis, walnut (/uglans regia), and sweet vernal grass (An- 

 thoxanthum odoratum). 2d week : water violet (Hott6ni« palustris), scor- 

 pion grass (ili^yosotis sylvatica), woodroof (Asnerula odorata), butterfly 

 orchis (O'rchis bifolia), blue pimpernel (Anagallis caerulea), and also A. 

 arvensis; spindle tree (£'u6nymus europae\is). 3d week: hemlock-leaved 



