406 



Instances of Monstrous Productions, 



them worthy of notice. The ossa temporum [e^ e, Jigs, 86. 

 and 87.) are very small, made up chiefly of the petrous 

 portion, possessing scarcely any squamous plate ; they have 

 very small zygomatic processes (3, ^,Jig, 86.) and no mas- 

 toid processes ; the petrous portion is formed as if it con- 

 tained the organs of hearing, for the bulla ossea (4, 4) are 

 very distinct; but there is no meatus auditorius externus. 

 The OS occipitis (yj/, f,Jigs, 86. and 87.) lies much more 

 horizontally than natural, and the ridges and tuberosities 

 are small ; it has a cuneiform process {5, Jig. 86.) passing up 



bone 

 pro- 



ternal carotid arteries passed. 



to meet the sphenoid 

 and (6, 6) condyloid 

 cesses ; and there are two 

 anterior condyloid foramina. 

 The sphenoid bone (d) forms 

 the centre of the base of the 

 skull, and has little more 

 than a flat body with very 

 limited alae ; it is destitute 

 of prominent processes exter- 

 nally, but there appears a 

 portion of bone at S^Jig, 86., 

 that occupies the situation of 

 the sella turcica, and is proba- 

 bly that part of this bone ; it 

 has but two large foramina 

 (7, 7) and they are com- 

 mon to it and the temporal 

 bones, through which the in- 

 There were neither upper nor 



lower jaw-bones. The os hyoides was in its natural place, and 

 appeared to be perfect ; almost entirely cartilaginous except 

 its appendices (g, g^Jig, 86.), which were attached to processes 

 at the base of the skull ; but nothing in the shape of a tongue 

 was visible. >^, h^Jigs, 86. and 87.5 the atlas, or first cervical 

 vertebra, attached to the occiput. 



The next example of deformity I shall relate, is a single 

 lamb with two heads and necks united about the first dorsal 

 vertebra. The mere occurrence of this duplex formation 

 excited but little notice, from its not being at all an unusual 

 circumstance ; but upon dissection, a singular adaptation to the 

 plurality of parts was discovered, as evinced in the origin and 

 distribution of the bloodvessels supplying the supernumerary 

 and other parts of this animal. It was not in my power to 

 do more than trace the larger vessels of this monstrosity, 

 although I succeeded in injecting the arteries ; for it had been 



