408, Instances of' Monstrous Productions, 



the office of a pulmonary artery. The pulmonary veins of 

 the right lobes of the lungs united with the jugulars of the 

 right head and neck to form the vena cava, and terminated 

 in the auricle of that heart. 



. The venae cavae of the left heart were natural, and ter- 

 minated in its right auricle; but the external jugular vein 

 from the right neck fell into the anterior vena cava of the 

 left heart. The animal had two tracheae, that of the left 

 head going to the left lungs, and the other of the right head 

 going to the right lungs. There were also two oesophagi; 

 the left teruiinating in the stomachs of the animal, the right 

 appearing to terminate in a cul-de-sac in the right cavity of 

 the chest. 



I shall oiFer but few remarks. In relation to the first 

 example, where there vvas but one eye, and that placed in 

 the middle of the forehead ; it has been observed, that, "in 

 all the instances, there have been more or less plain marks 

 of the apparently simple organ being composed of the parts 

 of two eyes* ; " in my specimen, the eye, although somewhat 

 larger than natural, was not deformed; and the writer just 

 referred to, says, " This kind of deformity is not uncommon 

 in animals : it has been met with in the lamb, pig, dogj and 

 cat." He also observes, " The united foetuses form a very 

 numerous class of monsters, both in the human subject and 

 in animals." Haller has collected many instances of this mal- 

 formation in the human subject and in animals, as the dog, 

 cat, goat, horse, hare, rabbit, fowls, &c. They occur also 

 double behind and single before, and vice versa : I have seen 

 them thus in the calf and lamb. 



Now that I am writing on the subject of malformations, 

 I shall trespass on your pages a little farther, to state two 

 instances of unnatural developement of parts, that I have met 

 with in the human subject. The first occurred in one of 

 twins born prematurely about the seventh month : they were 

 boys, and the brother of my subject was a perfect foetus. The 

 external deformity was very unsightly, for there was no con- 

 traction between the head and shoulders to form the neck; 

 the left arm was entirely wanting, and the right unusually 

 short, terminating in a stump at the wrist, from which pro- 

 jected one finger only : its lower extremities were perfect, 

 except that there were but three toes to each foot. The most 

 extraordinary deficiencies were met with in the cavities of the 

 chest and body ; for the former contained neither heart nor 



* Vide an elaborate paper " On Monstrous Productions, by William 

 Lawrence, F.R.S.," in vol. v. of the MedicO'Chirurgical Trmisactio7is. 



