500 Further Bemarks on 



degree, had the actions mentioned in the above anecdote, to 

 the operations of instinct ? Was it an " involuntary desire," 

 that induced the sheep to endeavour to liberate her young 

 one, when she observed it imprisoned amongst briars ? Was 

 she urged by an " involuntary desire," or did she act " without 

 motive or deliberation," when she ran across three large 

 fields, and surmounted four strong thorn hedges, in search 

 of its relief, which, by these means, she must have known, or 

 at least hoped, that she could obtain? Did the ram act 

 "without motive or deliberation," when he returned with 

 her, of course according to her request, and effected what 

 she desired? Or is it not infinitely more probable, is it not, 

 indeed, indisputable, that these, and a thousand actions of a 

 similar nature, which are daily observable in our domesticated 

 animals, are "perfectly free," are the "result of volition," are, 

 in short, neither more nor less than the operations of reason ? 

 If we can entertain the contrary conclusion, our reason must 

 have gone most wofully astray* 



J. J. 

 G y, Montgomeryshire, June, 1831. 



Art. V. Further Remarks on the Luminosity of the Sea. By 

 William Baird, Esq. M.D., Member of the Plinian Society, 

 Edinburgh. 



Sir, 



As there seems at present a spirit amongst naturalists for 

 exploring the wonders of the deep, and extending our know- 

 ledge of those exceedingly interesting but minute animals 

 which, by their power of emitting light, illuminate the pro- 

 found abyss of ocean, and throw a fairy radiance over the 

 solitary and otherwise dark face of the sea, especially when 

 deserted by the lights of heaven, may I presume to come 

 forward again, and add my second mite to this hitherto neg- 

 lected part of natural history ? In a former paper on this 

 subject (Vol. III. p. 308.), I described a number of ani- 

 malcules, which, during a long voyage at sea, I had found 

 possessed of the property of luminosity, and had observed in 

 various parts of the world. Since that paper was written, I 

 have had another opportunity of continuing those researches ; 

 and, besides corroborating my previous observations, have 

 found several other luminous animals, some of which may 

 perhaps be new. 



In prosecuting my researches upon this subject, I have 



