ON THE MONKEYS KNOWN TO THE CHINESE. 591 



and the cuticle thrown down over the mouth, entirely cover- 

 ing the eyes, and rendering the visage totally irrecognisable. 

 The plates and descriptions are the same in both, viz. — 

 "Tung-yang kwo yew Yu-yu, Urh ya tso fuh-fuh chwang e 

 jin hih shin pa fa, keen jin tsih seaou seaou, tsih yen ke-muh 

 Too-po yun fuh-fuh wae show pa fa Sing-suh hwo jin seaou 

 chin-yen kemuh chung nae Kaou- taou fan wei go tsan." — "In 

 the kingdom of Tung yang are inhabitants which the Urh ya 

 calls Fuhfuh ; their appearance is human, with black body 

 and straggling hair. When they behold mankind they smile, 

 then become alarmed and screen their eyes. Toopo says that 

 the Fuhfuh are monsters with straggling hair and Sings' feet, 

 and that when they catch men they smile, become alarmed, 

 screen their eyes, burst out into a loud wail, and turn back 

 to kill us." 



The Tung-yang (eastern sun) kingdom may possibly refer 

 to the Corea. The word Fuhfuh is here w T ritten with the sub- 

 stitution of the sixtieth for the ninety-fourth radical of the 

 language, an occurrence not uncommon in Chinese literature. 

 From the term, Sings' feet, it is evident that the writer con- 

 templated the hand-shaped foot (to use such a term) of the 

 ape tribe, as distinguished from that of man. Analogous to 

 this monkey is the Fuhfuh, of which some account is given 

 under its name in the Kang he &c. — " The Urhya &c. affirms 

 that it is like a man, with straggling hair, walks rapidly and 

 eats men. The Shan hae king, that in appearance they are 

 like men, with long lips, with black hairy body ; they turn 

 back and follow men's footsteps when they see them, and then 

 laugh. In the hills of Keaoukwang, and also in the Nang 

 kang district, are beasts of a large size, ten cubits long, com- 

 monly called Shan too. The Shan hae king calls them 

 Neaouyang (vicious goats), and also Kan. In the chapter 

 of kings in the Annals of Chow, the northern provinces are 

 said to call them Toolow (babblers)." Similar accounts are 

 given of this animal in the 'Ching tze tung,' and in the Ja- 

 pano-Chinese Encyclopedia is a plate representing the Fuh- 

 fuh sitting upright. The lower extremities of the animal are 

 not visible ; but from what is seen, it bears considerable re- 

 semblance to the mandrills, or ribbed-nose baboons. It is 

 called in Japanese fi-ti. Fuh-fuh yew tso fuh-fuh ming ne- 

 aouyang hwo e ( ? ) Shantoo yih tung. " The fuh-fuh, ■ also 



1 See second reduplication in the text. In the preface or abstract of con- 

 tents, after the character Sing 1 , Zyao occurs some Japanese at the side of Fuh; 

 Fi-fi ; by the aid of Mr. Medhurst's Vocabulary the two terms have been 

 made out, but the reading of the Hiragana character is not easy. The 

 Fuhfuh is not very distinct, and is the Simla Nasutus or Papio Maimon. 



