of the Chalk. 79 



In Miss Bennetts f Catalogue of Wiltshire Organic Remains I 

 (1831) are given, but again without any description, the best 

 figures yet published of one form of the Ventriculidse, which is 

 there called Choanites subrotundus (tab. 16. figs. 1 and 2: figs. 3, 

 4 and 5 are bad). 



In Woodward's l Geology of Norfolk ' (1833) two figures are 

 given (tab. 4. figs. 20, 21) of what the author calls Ventriculites 

 infundibuliformis, but unaccompanied by any description, and the 

 figures are too indefinite to afford any information : the author 

 includes V. radiatus in his list (p. 46). 



Blainville, in his 'Manuel d'Actinologie ' (1834), figures on 

 pi. 76. figs. 4 and 4 a the Ocellarice of Ramon d, and on pi. 60. 

 fig. 5 the Coscinopora of Goldfuss ; but in his description of each, 

 pp. 386, 430, he intimates doubts as to their real nature. He 

 describes each, however, as having a stony polypidom ! 



Phillips, in his ' Illustrations of the Geology of Yorkshire ' 

 (1835), vol. i. p. 118, gives several figures, unaccompanied how- 

 ever by any description, and which figures are so very imperfect 

 that it is impossible to make out from them any character at all. 

 It would indeed be impossible to know that any of them repre- 

 sented Ventriculidae, did not the heading of the list of figures 

 state such an intention. This imperfection of these plates is the 

 more to be regretted, and the absence of all description the more 

 surprising, inasmuch as the able author himself remarks (p. 121), 

 that " the remains of the [so-called] Spongia* are nowhere so 

 well-developed as in England, and perhaps nowhere in England so 

 well as in Yorkshire. On the shore near Bridlington they lie expo- 

 sed in the cliffs and scars, and, being seldom inclosed in flint, allow 

 their organization to be studied with the greatest advantage." 



Bronn, in his f Lethsea Geognostica/ (1835-7) allows a place 

 to two of the Ventriculidse under that name, and figures another 

 under Goldfuss's name of Coscinopora (tab. 29. fig. 1). He 

 figures Goldfuss's Scyphia Oeynhausii as V. radiatus (tab. 27. 

 fig. 18), in which he is clearly mistaken. Neither the figure of 

 natural size nor magnified has any resemblance to any of the 

 Ventriculidae. 



In ' Die Versteinerungen des Norddeutschen Kreidegebirges ' 

 of Roemer (1840) are figured, with very meagre descriptions, 

 some forms which seem intended to represent some of the Ven- 

 triculidse. They are however too indefinite to enable me to fix 



* Though thus called " Spongice" by this author, and though some other 

 writers have so called them also, it is really needless to expend one line in 

 showing the total absence in them of all resemblance to sponges. No two 

 classes of objects in natural history can be more different, and the affixing 

 of such a name can only arise from an entire want of opportunity for the 

 examination of specimens. 



