78 Miscellaneous. 



or spores, whilst others remain entire and solid, the obovate and seg- 

 mented cells of which they are composed each emitting three or four 

 long tubes terminated by large reniform spores. This second mode 

 of fructification, which has hitherto remained unknown, is sometimes 

 coexistent with the former in the same sori ; it betrays the close 

 affinity which unites the Coleosporia with the PuccinicE and Phrag- 

 miditty and completely justifies the interpretation which we propose 

 to give for the reproductive apparatus of all these Entophytal Fungi. 



The MelampsorcB, Cast. {Xylomatum sp. Fr. S. M. ii. 261, Scle- 

 rotiorum veterib.) resemble the Coleosporia in their double structure, 

 but differ from them in many respects. Their Uredo-pulvinuli 

 (Lecythece and Podosporia^ Lev. partim) have also an earlier deve- 

 lopment than the sori, which do not become pulverulent ; the latter 

 are formed of simple cells (unilocular) which only produce a single 

 germ, which is terminal or basilar and usually tetrasporous, like that 

 of the Puccinice or Podisomata (see my note on the germination of 

 the UredinecBy *Comptes Rendus,' xxxvi. p. 1093). The dissemina- 

 tion of the spores or grains of the so-called Uredo takes place in 

 summer and autumn ; the spores, properly so called, of the solid pulvi- 

 nuli are only produced, on the contrary, towards the end of the winter 

 or in the beginning of spring ; they are of an orange or yellow colour 

 mMelampsora betulinay N., M.populina, Fr., M. TremulcB, N., and 

 M. salicina, Fr., and of a cinereous tint in M. areolata, Fr. The 

 production of these late spores is a phsenomenon hitherto unob- 

 served, and proves at once that the Melampsorce are certainly Fungi y 

 and Fungi belonging to the group TJredinece ; two facts which have 

 both been disputed by some mycologists. 



As to the Cronartitty their delicate ligula is neither fistular, as is 

 generally supposed, nor intended to carry out the propagative cor- 

 puscules of the Fungus ; it is solid, and formed of cells which become 

 seminiferous in the same manner as the chambers of a Pucciniay so 

 that it must be regarded as the analogue of the ligula or columella of 

 the Podisomata (see my observations on the Tremellinece in the An- 

 nales des Sci. Nat. xix. p. 205). The spores with which it is covered 

 are white and of a globose-ovoid form. Besides this complicated 

 reproductive apparatus, which has been so misunderstood hitherto, 

 the Cronartia possess another which makes its appearance earlier. 

 The ligula in fact is usually surrounded at its base with ovoid or 

 globular, pedicled cells, which are also evidently organs of repro- 

 duction, constituting an livedo {U. Vincetoxiciy DeC, U. Pceoniarumy 

 Desm.) in the sense usually attached to this word*. 



Thus the truth of the question before us will be perhaps less on 

 the side of the philosophers than on that of the cultivators, who 

 maintain that the black rust of the harvests is the second age of the 

 orange rust which infests the plants in spring. According to our 

 views, in fact, the Puccinia graminis, Pers., and the P. coronatay 

 Cord., which form the greater part of the black rust of the Cereals, 

 would claim, as belonging to them reciprocally, the JJredo linearisy 

 Pers. and U. Rubigo-veray DeC, to which the orange rust of the 



* This Uredo would be a Trichobasis with M. Leveille. 



