104 Dr. O^Bryen Bellinghani on Irish Entozoa. 



4. Strongyhs Trigonocephalus |SmaU mtestine of dog(C«m>/a»..-- 



5. Tetragonocephalus ( ^*°"'''=!^ ™f ^'^'^^ '"*^^""^ °^ f"" 



^ -^ [ (C«m.<f vulpes). 



6. ^«> * Bronchial tubes of pig (>S'm5 Scro/a). 



fTrachea of domestic fowl (Gallus 



I domesticns). 

 ;- { Sti'ongylus trachealis \ . J Trachea of partridge {Perdix ci- 



\ Syngamus trachealis, Sieb. 



nerea^. 



Trachea of peacock (Pavo crista- 

 tus). 



* In the trachea and bronchial tubes, particularly in the latter, of the 

 pig (Sus scrofa), I have found a species of Strongylus in great numbers 

 which possesses the characters of the Strongylus suis, noticed in the 

 Appendix (Mantissa) to Rudolphi's * Synopsis,' the female only of 

 which he appears to have seen. The females are an inch and a half 

 in length, the males little more than half an inch ; their colour is 

 white, they are of equal diameter in every part, and the females ex- 

 ceed the males in diameter as in length. The mouth is papillary ; 

 the caudal extremity of the female is incurved and obtuse, with a 

 short spine ; in the male it ends in a pouch which has an anterior 

 and a posterior lobe. The penis is long and dark-coloured ; the ova 

 exceedingly numerous and barely visible to the naked eye. 



Every specimen, male or female, which was placed in cold water 

 became distended, and in a few minutes the integuments ruptured, 

 allowing the ovaries and intestine to protrude ; some gave way near 

 the anterior, others near the caudal extremity, and some near the 

 centre. 



t This species was first noticed by Colonel George Montagu in 

 the Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society : his commu- 

 nication is entitled ' An account of a species of Fasciola which in- 

 fests the trachea of poultry/ and contains a figure of the species. 



Dr. Charles T. von Siebold of Dantzic has given a full account of 

 it in a paper published in Wiegmann's ' Archiv,' which has been 

 translated in the ' Philosophical Magazine.' He considers it a double 

 animal, in which the male and female are attached permanently to 

 one another, and has given it the name Syngamus trachealis from this 

 circumstance. Nathusius looks upon it to be a Strongylus in the act 

 of coitus. There is no doubt it ought to be referred to this genus. 

 Rudolphi, who never could have seen this species, or he would 

 hardly have made such a mistake, supposes it to be identical with 

 the Distoma lineare discovered by him in the intestinal canal of the 

 domestic fowl. Speaking of the Distoma lineare he observes, " hue 

 pertinebit etiam Distoma tracheae Georgii Montagu in trachea pul- 

 lorum phasiani galli &c. repertum." 



The Strongylus trachealis is frequently met with in the trachea of 

 young partridges and poultry, and is believed to be the cause of the 

 disease which is so destructive to them, known under the name of 



